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Age-sex pyramid
A graphical illustration (usually pyramid shaped) showing a population. It depicts the distribution of age groups and gender for a country or region.
Crude birth rate (CBR)
The number of live births per 1,000 people in a population per year.
Crude death rate (CDR)
The number of deaths per 1,000 in a population per year.
Immigration rate
The number of immigrants arriving at a destination per 1,000 population at that destination in a given year.
Dependency ratio
This describes the ratio of people in the ages defined as dependent (under 15 years and over 64 years) to people in the ages defined as economically productive (15-64 years) in a population.
Population structure
This is the breakdown of different groups and amounts of people in an area; it is important as it affects the area itself. Population structure includes consideration of age, gender, ethnicity, and density.
Desertification
Desertification is a type of land degradation in drylands in which biological productivity is lost due to natural processes or induced by human activities whereby fertile areas become increasingly desert-like.
Land degradation
This occurs when the economic and biological productivity of land is lost, primarily through human activities
Emigration rate
The number of emigrants departing an area of origin per 1,000 population in that area of origin in a given year.
Doubling time
The number of years it would take a population to double its size at its current growth rate.
Life expectancy
The average number of years that a person can be expected to live, usually from birth, if demographic factors remain unchanged.
Natural increase rate
Fluctuation between the birth rate and death rate.
Total fertility rate
average number of births per woman of childbearing age
anti-natalist
Policies/attitudes that discourage having children and can slow population growth
pro-natalist
Policies/attitudes that encourage having children and can increase population growth
Demographic Transition Model (DTM)
This model describes the changing levels of fertility and mortality in a human population over time. Birth and death rates shift from high to low levels in a population. The mortality decline precedes fertility decline, resulting in rapid population growth during the transition period.
