Forensic DNA Analysis

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17 Terms

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Deoxyribonucleic acid is…

  • A biological molecule

  • Responsible for heredity

  • Common to all living organisms

  • Found in the nucleus of cells

  • Unique in an individual

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  • DNA is made up of

  • nucleotides

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nucleotides

  • Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Guanine (G), Cytosine (C) 

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DNA forms…

  • a double helix 

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genome

  • The total amount of DNA in a cell

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A chromosome is

  • a single DNA molecule wrapped around proteins

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The human genome is made up of

23 pairs of chromosomes

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Each parent…

passes down one copy of each chromosome

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Gender is determined by…

the sex chromosomes X and Y

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female

XX

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male

XY

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DNA replication

The biological process by which a double-stranded DNA molecule is copied to produce two identical DNA molecules

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  • DNA makes copies of itself by

  • using naturally occurring molecules (polymerases)

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Genome 

one complete set of genetic instructions

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Gene

A single genetic instruction is called a

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Alleles

Genes that come in different varieties

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