1.5 Describing Chemical Bonds: Valence Bond Theory
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Last updated 12:08 AM on 3/9/25
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10 Terms
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Covalent bond
A bond formed when two atoms share electrons.
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Valence Bond Theory
A model that describes covalent bonding as the overlap of singly occupied orbitals from two atoms.
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Sigma bond (σ bond)
A type of covalent bond formed by the head-on overlap of atomic orbitals, resulting in cylindrical symmetry.
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Bond strength
The amount of energy required to break a bond, measured in kJ/mol.
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Bond length
The optimum distance between the nuclei of two bonded atoms where maximum stability occurs.
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Overlap of orbitals
The interaction of singly occupied orbitals from two atoms, leading to electron pairing and bonding.
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H–H bond
The covalent bond formed between two hydrogen atoms through the overlap of their 1s orbitals.
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Energy release in bond formation
The process of forming a bond releases energy, making the resulting molecule more stable than the individual atoms.
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Optimum distance between nuclei
The distance where nuclei are close enough to share bonding electrons but not so close that they repel each other.
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Energy conversion
1 kJ = 0.2390 kcal; 1 kcal = 4.184 kJ, used for energy measurements in chemistry.
Flashcards (34)