Power and Borders - How have global governance strategies changed South Sudan?

Population of South Sudan

11.5 million

What does government revenue rely on?

FDI: although there are some oil reserves, limited infrastructure and technologies exist to extract large quantities of oil to support the economy. 96% of total GDP is reliant on crude oil exports.

South Sudan ranking on the SFI

3rd; score of 109

How many have been forced to leave their homes as a result of the conflict?

4.2 million (2 million IDPs and 2.2 million refugees)

How many require humanitarian assistance?

7 million - mostly women and children who are experiencing gender-based violence, forced labour and sexual exploitation.

What percent of GDP is spent on defence and security?

6.5%

What percentage of the population live below the absolute poverty line (US$1.90 per day)?

82%

How have the UN intervened in South Sudan?

Flows of people (military personnel, peacekeeping troops), money (funding from the UN and NGOs), ideas (based on field research and monitoring), technologies and medicines into South Sudan

What has OHCA coordination done?

Serves as the humanitarian coordinator for UN agencies, NGOs, regional organisations (e.g. IGAD). Acts to improve the effectiveness of the international conflict.

What has the UMISS done?

United Nations Mission in South Sudan: has sent over 16000 personnel and provided $1.27 billion 2019-20. Aims to support the cessation of hostilities agreement, monitor human rights, and support the delivery of humanitarian assistance.

What have UNICEF done in South Sudan?

Aims to mitigate against disease, poverty, violence and discrimination against children. UNICEF have field operations in South Sudan which aim to reach mothers and children in rural areas with limited infrastructure connectivity.

What do the UNCHR do?

Delivers assistance and protection to refugees and IDPs

What do the WFP do?

Supports vulnerable people who are affected by reduced crop production, famine, displacement and conflict. Ensures that they meet food and nutrition needs.

What does the IOM do?

Works closely with migrants, governments and humanitarian organisations to track and monitor IDPs. Conducts village assessment surveys for IDPs to ensure that they can re-integrate successfully when they return to their communities.

What do the WHO do?

Implement strategies to reduce IMR and maternal mortality rates, prevent the transmission of communicable and non-communicable diseases, strengthen the country’s healthcare provisions, address social and environmental determinants of health.

How has the South Sudanese government hindered the work of global governance?

Despite the ‘Revitalised Transitional Government of National Unity’ agreement passed in 2020 to encourage peace and prosperity in South Sudan, Kiir and Machar have disagreed over the shared control of the country’s 10 states.

What has the UN reported that the government is continuing to do?

Looting humanitarian supplies, mismanagement of government spending on services, roadside attacks interfering with aid operations, government officials pillaging public funds, marginalising dissident communities, inter-communal conflict by cattle raiding in the dry season.

What is the South Sudan NGO Forum?

NGOs, the UN, donors and the national government can share information, establish state-level coordination and develop guidelines for effective aid strategies.

How many members of the forum were there in 2020?

263 national NGOs e.g. Upper Nile Youth Development Organisation and GRIND.

116 international NGOs e.g. MSF, Save The Children and Care International

What is the role of these NGOs in South Sudan?

Address humanitarian and aid development needs, through forging working relationships with government authorities and local communities.

TDH (a Swiss NGO) works with communities in the southeast of the country. They supply basic necessities to households such as shelter, clean water and sanitation. They aim to increase local food production, education in nutrition, provide food in schools, and provide safe areas for child protection.

How is the work of NGOs hindered?

Attacks by rebel groups on aid workers.

What has global governance overall helped with?

Emergency food supplies, food security, family reunification, child and maternal health, education, health and disease control, protection and shelter, infrastructure and accessibility.