populations in ecosystems

Sapribionts

Organisms that decompose plants aerobically in eutrophication.

Oxygen depletion

Plants die in eutrophication due to the lack of oxygen for respiration.

Allopatric speciation

Speciation that occurs due to geographical isolation.

Sympatric speciation

Speciation that occurs due to reproductive isolation, which can also describe allopatric speciation.

Succession

The process of change in a community over time, influenced by environmental factors or species present.

Pioneer species

The first species to colonize an area, altering the environment for other species.

Climax community

The final stable community in succession, where no further changes occur.

Quadrant grid

A method used to count species in a specific area for ecological studies.

Amino acids

Produced by digesting proteins.

Phosphates

Provided for ATP production by digesting DNA.

Interspecific competition

Competition between different species for nutrients like nitrates or glucose.

Energy transfer inefficiency

Energy loss between trophic levels and through respiration, excretion, and feces.