NCOA quiz 1

What is a baby boomer?

A person born in the USA between the years of 1946 to 1964.

What is inappropriate to use to determine if a person is old?

Their age

What should be considered when a nurse sets patient goals?

An older adult's functional abilities. Each older adult should be evaluated individually and holistically not by age.

What is gerontology?

The study of social, cultural, psychological, cognitive, economic, and biological aspects of ageing.

Who can the RN delegate to?

CNA & LPN

Who is responsible when an RN delegates tasks to a CNA or LPN?

The RN

What percentage of older adults have at least two chronic conditions?

85%

What is a challenge of older adults?

Coping with multiple chronic conditions.

Who provides patient educations and who supports?

The RN provides education and the LPN supports the education.

Where do older adults prefer to live?

In their own homes and communities.

For the older adult, what necessitates a move to affordable housing?

Dwindling financial resources and the need for additional homecare or assistance.

What is the leading cause of the loss of independence for an older adult?

Chronic health problems.

What drives the housing selection process for older adults?

Functional Independence

What is an ever growing challenge for the healthcare system?

The complexities of the older adult. To manage we must consider demographics, social, economic and political factors.

Why is older adult care shifting from acute care to homebased/community care?

Costs and efficiency.

What skills must a nurse have to ensure the safety of the older adult?

Communication, collaboration, human relation, clinical judgement and teamwork.

What is the focus of care for nurses who work with older adults?

Assisting patients to function as individual as possible.

What risks are increased when an older adult is treated by multiple physicians?

Polypharmacy and risk of falls.

What is polypharmacy?

The simultaneous use of multiple drugs to treat a single ailment or condition

What is Geriatric Medicine?

Specialty that focuses on healthcare of elderly people specific to illness and disease.

What is Gerontological Nursing?

Specialty that involves assessment, planning, implementing and evaluating care in older adult.

What are the roles of a gerontological nurse?

Direct hands on care to older adults in a variety of settings, Knowledge of disease processes, medical treatments, rehabilitation and end of life care, Functions as a leader, advocate, collaborator, teacher and evidence based clinician.

What are the most common complaints of an older adult?

Arthritis and hypertension

What are the leading causes of mortality and morbidity in older adults?

Cancer, cardiovascular disease and COPD

What are the four common elements associated with care of the older adults?

Social, demographics, economics, and political

What is ageism?

Prejudice and discrimination directed at older people

age attribution

the tendency to attribute problems to the aging process rather than to pathologic and potentially treatable conditions.

ageism

the prejudices and stereotypes applied to older people solely on the basis of age.

aging

a universal process that begins at birth and applies equally to young and old people.

aging anxiety

fears and excess concern about one’s future aging and detrimental effects associated with older adulthood.

anti-ageism

advocacy such as the social movement to dismantle ageism, led by Ashton Applewhite.

baby boomers

the very large group of people born between 1946 and 1964.

chronologic age

the length of time that has passed since birth.

family caregiver

includes all support people who have a helping relationship with an older adult.

functional age

provides a more rational basis for care than simply measuring years since birth.

grandfamilies

households in which children are being raised by both their parents and grandparents.

high-level wellness

an integrated method of functioning oriented toward maximizing each person’s potential.

subjective age

a person’s perception of their age.

successful aging

low probability of disease/disability; high physical and cognitive functional capacity; active engagement with life; psychological dimensions.

cultural competence

a fluid, dynamic, ongoing process in which the nurse strives to work effectively within the cultural context.

cultural humility

entering a relationship with the intention of honoring another person’s beliefs, customs, and values.

cultural self-assessment

an awareness‑raising tool for gaining insight into health‑related values, beliefs, attitudes, and practices.

ethnogeriatrics

the component of geriatrics integrating the influence of race, ethnicity, and culture on older adults’ health and well‑being.

health belief system

the health‑related attitudes, beliefs, and practices of one’s cultural group.

health disparities

issues widely discussed in media and research, prompting programs aimed at achieving health equity.

health equity

achieved when every person can attain full health potential without disadvantage due to social position or circumstances.

health inequities

differences in health potential caused by social position or socially determined circumstances.

health literacy

a modifiable factor interacting with social determinants of health to cause inequities, especially among vulnerable populations.

linguistic competence

health care services that are respectful of and responsive to a person’s linguistic needs.

social determinants of health

conditions that strongly influence life expectancy, health status, quality of life, and susceptibility to disease/disability.

age-related changes

theory presenting physiologic/psychosocial function according to age-related changes, risk factors, functional consequences, nursing assessment, interventions, and wellness outcomes.

environment

all aspects of the care setting and the broader environment in which the older person lives, including caregivers.

functional consequences

observable effects of actions, risk factors, and age-related changes influencing quality of life or daily activities.

negative functional consequences

consequences that interfere with function, quality of life, or increase dependency.

positive functional consequences

consequences that facilitate highest performance and least dependency.

risk factors

factors originating in the environment or arising from physiologic or psychosocial influences.

example of negative functional consequence

constipation resulting from analgesic use, where the medication is both an intervention and a risk factor.

automatic actions

actions that can lead to positive functional consequences, often performed without conscious intent.

purposeful interventions

deliberate actions by older adults or caregivers to promote wellness or compensate for age-related changes.

health characteristics of older adults

focus on chronic conditions and functioning; decreasing disability prevalence; many report good to excellent health.

interprofessional collaboration

health workers from different backgrounds working together with patients, families, caregivers, and communities.

patient-centeredness

emphasizes patient involvement in their own care decisions.

shared decision making

collaborative process allowing patients and providers to make health decisions together.

quality and safety

core components ensuring effective and safe patient care.

transitional care

coordination and continuity of care as patients transfer between locations or levels of care.

nursing for wellness in older adults

text organized into five parts focusing on aging, wellness, diversity, and nursing roles.

functional consequences theory

age-related changes increase vulnerability to detrimental effects of risk factors.

body-mind-spirit perspective

age-related changes include increased potential for cognitive, emotional, and spiritual development.

holistic nursing focus

nurses identify age-related changes that can be strengthened to help older adults adapt to physiologic decline.

wellness in nursing

nurses promote wellness through actions integral to person-centered care.

wellness approach

focuses on body‑mind‑spirit interconnectedness of each older adult as a unique individual.

holistic assessment

assessing older adults in the full context of their personal history and current situation.

wellness outcomes

based on holistic assessment, nurses identify outcomes and plan interventions for improved health, functioning, and quality of life.

rural older adults

tend to be poorer, less educated, and have less access to stores, transportation, social programs, and health services.

sources of risk factors

include environments, acute/chronic conditions, psychosocial conditions, or adverse medication effects.

privacy in sexual activity

generally required for sexual activity; difficult to achieve in institutional settings.

institutional constraints

inability to lock doors, negative attitudes, and restrictive policies affecting sexual relationships.

sexual wellness

attitudes and behaviors of family/caregivers can affect sexual wellness, especially for dependent older adults.

staff attitudes in residential care

significantly affect how residents express or repress sexual needs.

discrimination in sexual relationships

older adults desiring relationships outside traditional heterosexual marriages often experience discrimination.

person-centered approach

long-term care facilities increasingly view sexual expression as a resident right and choice.