Water Management Equivalents and Formulas

A collection of 45 vocabulary flashcards covering unit equivalents and mathematical formulas for water treatment and hydraulic calculations based on the American Water College reference sheet.

1 Gallon (Pounds)

$$8.34\,lb$$

1 Acre-foot (Gallons)

$$325,829\,gal$$

1 Gallon (Milliliters)

$$3,785\,mL$$

1 Cubic Foot (Gallons)

$$7.48\,gal$$

1 Gallon (Liters)

$$3.785\,L$$

1 MGD (CFS)

$$1.547\,CFS$$

1 MGD (GPM)

$$694.4\,gpm$$

1 Pound (Milligrams)

$$454,000\,mg$$

1 Day (Minutes)

$$1,440\,\text{minutes}$$

1 Day (Seconds)

$$86,400\,sec$$

1 Acre (Square Feet)

$$43,560\,ft^2$$

1 Ton (Pounds)

$$2,000\,lb$$

1 Kilogram (Pounds)

$$2.2\,lb$$

1 Pound (Grams)

$$454\,g$$

1 Horsepower (Kilowatts)

$$.746\,Kw$$

1 Horsepower (Watts)

$$746\,\text{watts}$$

1 Foot (PSI)

$$.433\,psi$$

1 PSI (Feet)

$$2.31\,ft$$

1 Percent (%)

$$10,000\,mg/L$$

1 mg/L (PPM)

$$1\,ppm$$

1 Cubic Foot (Pounds)

$$62.4\,lb$$

Area of Rectangles

$$A = L \times W$$

Area of Triangles

$$A = \frac{1}{2} \times B \times H$$

Area of Circles

$$A = 0.785 \times D^2$$

Circumference of Cylinders (C)

$$C = \pi \times D$$

End Area of Cylinders (A)

$$A = 0.785 \times D^2$$

Area of Cylinder Walls

$$\text{Area} = \pi \times D \times H$$

Area of Spheres

$$A = \pi \times D^2$$

Volume of Cubes

$$V = L \times W \times H$$

Volume of Cylinders

$$V = 0.785 \times D^2 \times H$$

Volume of Cones

$$V = \frac{1}{3} \times \pi \times r^2 \times H$$

Volume of Spheres

$$V = \frac{1}{6} \times \pi \times D^3$$

Formula for Force

$$62.4 \times A \times H$$

Formula for Velocity

$$\frac{\text{Distance}}{\text{Time}}$$

Formula for Flow (Q)

$$\text{Velocity} \times \text{Area}$$

Formula for Detention Time

$$\frac{\text{Tank Volume}}{\text{Flow}}$$

Pump Horsepower (HP)

$$\frac{\text{Power, ft-lb/min}}{33,0000\,ft-lb/min/HP}$$

Water HP

$$\frac{(\text{Flow, gpm}) \times (\text{Head, ft})}{3960\,gpm-ft/HP}$$

Break HP

$$\frac{(\text{Flow, gpm}) \times (\text{Head, ft})}{3960\,gpm-ft/HP \times E_p}$$

Motor HP

$$\frac{(\text{Flow, gpm}) \times (\text{Head, ft})}{3960\,gpm-ft/HP \times E_p \times E_m}$$

Chemical Dose and Loading (lb/day)

$$(\text{Flow, MGD}) \times (\text{Dose, mg/L}) \times (8.34)$$

Chemical Dilution Formula

$$C1V1 \times C2V2 = C3V3$$

Solids loading (lb/day/sq ft)

$$\frac{\text{Solids Applied, lb/day}}{\text{Surface Area, sq ft}}$$

Hydraulic loading (gpd/sq ft)

$$\frac{\text{Flow, gpd}}{\text{Surface Area, sq ft}}$$

Horsepower Constant (gpm-ft/HP)

$$3960$$