Studied by 61 people
Looks like no one added any tags here yet for you.
Guangzhou port
Goods that came into China from other countries had to pass through this port
Chinese tea
Britain bought a large amount of this product from the Chinese
Opium
A product introduced by the British to the Chinese market where they prescribed the use of this product to relieve the pain of their patients
12 million Chinese
Number of Chinese who got addicted to opium
Queen Victoria
Who is this monarch whom the Qing Dynasty decided to write to to demand that they stop sending opium to China?
Opium War of 1839
What event happened when the British disagreed to stop the trading of opium in China?
Powered Gunboats
What was the advantage of the British in the Opium Wars?
China lost
What was the result of the Opium War?
Treaty of Nanjing
What was the consequence of the Opium War?
Hong Kong
What Chinese territory was given to the British Kingdom as a consequence of the Treaty of Nanjing?
Extraterritorial rights
What did later treaties after the Treaty of Nanjing give to foreign countries in China?
Growing population
Aside from the presence of foreign forces, what was another problem that China faced in the mid-19th century which was exacerbated by a lack of food?
Hong Xiuquan
Which Chinese leader led the Taiping Rebellion which was formed with the ope that all Chinese people would share China’s vast wealth and no one would live in poverty?
Taiping Rebellion
What do you call the rebellion led by Hong Xiuquan which means Great Peace?
20 million Chinese
The number of people killed during the Taiping Rebellion
Empress Dowager Cixi
What is the name of the ruler of China who was able to support reforms in China’s education, civil service, and the military? However, despite their reforms, the Chinese people continued to suffer.
Sphere of Influence
Because the ruler of China at this time failed to commit to reforms, the foreigners in China gained this wherein foreign nations controlled trade and investment.
Open Door Policy
The United States resisted a sphere of influence in China and insisted on this instead which would give all foreign nations equal opportunities and access to Chinese markets. What do you call this policy?
Emperor Guangxu
Who is this ruler of China who tried to initiate comprehensive reforms in China, but was rejected by the conservatives, and eventually, that caused even more frustration among the Chinese and resulted in violence?
Boxer Rebellion
Which organization was called the Society of Righteous and Harmonious Fists which was organized to fight the Dowager Empress’ rule and foreign influences in culture and religion?
Isolation from other countries
What was the situation of Japan during the 16th to the mid-18th century?
China, Korea, Netherlands
What were the three countries the Tokugawa shoguns had diplomatic and trade contacts with?
Commodore Matthew Perry
Who is this person who had outraged the Japanese through show of American steamships + handed the letter from Millard Fillmore to accept free trade between the Americans and the Japanese?
Gunboat Diplomacy
Foreign policy that is supported by the use or threat of military force.
Unequal Treaties
These treaties gave the foreigners more advantages than the people they signed the treaty with, often putting them to a disadvantage
Treaty of Kanagawa
Which treaty was signed by the United States and Japan which stipulated two Japanese ports to be opened for the US to trade with Japan?
Emperor Mutsuhito
Who is this Emperor who gained power because many Japanese became disappointed in their shogun after the existence of foreign treaties?
Meiji Restoration/Meiji Era
What do you call this period in Japan from 1867 to 1912 which was known as the enlightened rule in Japan?
Modernization of Japan
What was the major priority of Emperor Mutsuhito in the Meiji Restoration?
Germany
Japan patterned their government after which Western country?
Great Britain
Japan patterned their army after which Western country?
United States
Japan patterned their educational system after which Western country?
Coal, railroads, factories
How did Japan employ the Western methods for industrialization?
Imperialistic
Japanese people started to feel equally footed with the Western powers and these feelings led to Japan becoming more ______ by showing the world that they were a rising power.
They opened three trading ports
How did Japan demonstrate its imperialistic motives in Korea?
Trading, military outpost
China shared similar interests to Korea as both nations recognized Korea’s importance in terms of _____ and _____.
Motivation for the Sino-Japanese War
China and Japan pledged to not send armies to Korea but China sent a troop to appease a rebellion against a Korean monarch.
Taiwan and the Pescadores Islands
The Sino-Japanese War result in Japan gaining its first colonies. What were these colonies?
Russia
In 1904, Japan waged another war with a stronger nation, ___ when both countries wanted to take full control of Manchuria.
Manchuria
Japan and Russia wanted to take full control of this territory.
Treaty of Portsmouth
This stipulated the withdrawal of Russian forces in Manchuria and gave captured territories to Japan
Korea was annexed by Japan
In 1910, what happened to Korea?
Nationalism
The annexation of Korea led to ______.
Panama Canal
This was built as a result of the United States intervention in Latin America for maritime trade in 1914.
Columbians
The Panama Canal was built after Americans aided the Panamanians to gain its independence from the _____ for a century.
Latin America
A region that constitutes Mexico, Central America, South America, and the West Indies which became free from the colonial powers of the European world and started to build their national identities
Political Instability
Instead of real liberty and improvement, this was the only change that Latin Americans gained after their independence from their colonizers.
Caudillos
These Latin American leaders who became famous and powerful because of their contributions during their quest for their independence who became military dictators.
United States and Britain
Which two countries became the leading trading partners among Latin American countries?
Latin American nations became less self-sufficient
What was a consequence of 19th century modern technology proliferating in Latin American countries?
They had to borrow capital
Why did Latin American countries become less self-sufficient as time progressed?
Economic Colonialism
Britain, France, the United States, and Germany continued to control Latin American countries when the latter was unable to pay their obligations that gave rise to the birth of __________ in Latin America.
James Monroe
Which US president issued the Monroe Doctrine?
Monroe Doctrine
This document states that the American continents are henceforth not to be considered as subjects for future colonization by any European pwoers, and was later extended to Latin American nations.
Cuba
Where did the United States first extend the Monroe doctrine?
Spanish-American War
Which war ended Spain’s colonial empire in the Western Hemisphere and secured the position of the United States as a Pacific power?
Puerto Rico, Guam, Philippines
As a consequence of the Spanish-American war, the Spanish were humiliated by their defeat from the Americans, so they gave up the following territories: _____, ____, and _____.
Atlantic and Pacific Ocean
Which oceans did the Panama canal link together?
Theodore Roosevelt
Which US president signed the Roosevelt Corollary?
Roosevelt Corollary
Which extension of the Monroe doctrine gave rights to the United States as the international police power in Latin America which is used to explain their presence in Latin America for years?
Peaceful
By the turn of the 20th century, Europe was in a relatively ______ condition.
Militarism
A policy of glorifying military power, promoting the build-up of military power, and keeping a standing army always prepared for war.
Navy
Britain’s strength lies in its _____.
Defense plans
Military officials methodically created _______ based on their capability to attack in time.
Dreadnought
A ship built by the British for World War I
U-boat
A ship built by the Germans for World War I
Alliances
An agreement between two or more states for their mutual benefit
Two
One potent cause of tension was the division of Europe into ____ alliance systems.
Otto von Bismarck
German Chancellor who made an alliance with Austria-Hungary and Italy
Russia
In 1887, Germany formed an alliance with this country but it was a weak one because his country and Austria were potential enemies.
Entente Cordiale
In 1904, France and Britain formed the _______ which means “friendly understanding”.
Triple Entente
In 1907, out of mutual fear of Germany, Britain, France and Russia entered an agreement that formed the _________.
Chain reaction
The occurrence of a ____ is one of the dangerous effects of the alliances formed between countries because the involvement of the countries’ allies in the conflict is inevitable, thus increasing its scale.
Nationalism
A feeling of devotion to and pride in one’s country where people should be loyal to their nation (people they share a culture and history with) rather than to a king or an empire.
Alsace, Lorraine
French nationalists wanted to regain ______ and _____ from Germany.
Unifying
Nationalism plays a _____ role within a country.
Intense competition
But Nationalism can also trigger a feeling among people that can cause ______ between and among countries.
Slavs
The Russian Pan-Slavists wanted Russia to rule over the _____ of Eastern Europe.
Imperialism
A policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other coutnries politically, economically, and socially.
Assassination
The immediate cause of the war; Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife, Sophie were assassinated in Sarajevo on June 28, 1914.
Archduke
Equivalent of Heir to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian throne
Sarajevo
Where was Franz Ferdinand and Sophie assassinated?
Gavrilo Princip
A Serbian nationalist who assassinated Franz Ferdinand, member of the Black Hand Movement
Black Hand Movement
An organization that aimed to rid Bosnia of Austrian rule
Slavic Revolution
The Serbians hoped that the assassination of the archduke and his wife would lead to a _______.
Serbia
The Austrian authorities considered the assassination of Franz Ferdinand as a reason to attack _______.
Belgium
Germany invaded ______ when the latter refused the former’s request for permission to march through their lands in order to attack France.
They fulfilled their vow to guarantee Belgian neutrality
Why did the British join the war?
Eastern Front
The battlefield along the German and Russian border
Russia
In the Eastern Front, _____ made an attack on Austria and Germany and they initially won, but towards the end of 1914, the Austrians defeated them.
Losses in the Russian Army, Domestic Problems, and Bolshevik Revolution
What factors led to the loss of Russia?
Western Front
Region in northern France where long and bloody stalemates were fought and where Germany failed to do the Schlieffen Plan because the Russians moved faster than expected.
Schlieffen Plan
Germany devised this plan wherein they would first attack and defeat France in the west and then rush to the east to battle out with Russia.
Trench Warfare
A form of military operations in which opposing armed forces attack, counterattack, and defend from trenches dug into the ground
No man’s land
An unoccupied land located between two trench systems where opposing camps feared to cross because of the danger of being attacked by the enemy.
Total War
Was introduced to describe the intense mobilization of society. It meant that civilians were equally important as soldiers in war, and that they were therefore vulnerable to enemy actions.
Home Front
Civilian populations, mobilized to shoulder the burden of feeding, clothing, and equipping the army.
French
Under propaganda, the _____ people assumed that the government had no other purpose than to defend liberty, justice and reason
superior culture
The Germans were presented with the task of defending their ______from the Slavs and Allies of the West.
Caporetto
In the fall of 1917, German and Austrian forces broke through the Italian lines at _______, taking around 275,000 prisoners and forcing the retreat of the Italian army.
