Exam 2 Basic Procedures

What is the arrow pointing to

acromion

The area of the proximal humerus located directly below the tubercles, which is the site of many fractures, is called the:

surgical neck

Which of the following methods is used to demonstrate the carpal canal?

Gaynor-Hart (tangential)

What anatomy is indicated by the arrow in this figure?

Radial head

What projection and position is depicted in the image below?

AP oblique, lateral rotation position

In an image of an AP axial projection of the clavicle, the clavicle should be demonstrated with:
1. most of the clavicle projected above the ribs.
2. only the lateral end superimposing the coracoid process.
3. only the medial end superimposing the first or second ribs

1 and 3 only

Which of the following methods best demonstrates the supraspinatus outlet (coracoacromial arch)?

Neer

The first bone located on the proximal row and lateral side of the wrist is called the:

Scaphoid

The respiration phase for an AP projection of the shoulder should be:

Suspended

The hand consists of how many bones?

27

Which bone is labeled as letter A in the figure above?

Distal phalanx

What is labeled as letter B in the figure above?

IP joint

What is labeled as letter C in the figure above?

Proximal phalanx

What is labeled as letter D in the figure above?

MCP joint

What is labeled as letter F in the figure above?

1st metacarpal

What is labeled as letter G in the figure above?

Trapezium

Which bone is labeled as letter A in the figure above?

Trapezium

Which bone is labeled as letter B in the figure above?

Trapezoid

Which bone is labeled as letter C in the figure above?

Scaphoid

Which bone is labeled as letter D in the figure above?

Capitate

Which bone is labeled as letter E in the figure above?

Lunate

Which bone is labeled as letter F in the figure above?

Hamate

Which bone is labeled as letter G in the figure above?

Triquetrum

Which bone is labeled as letter H in the figure above?

Pisiform

The projection in the image below was obtained with the arm positioned in:

External rotation

The thumb is also known as the:

First digit

How many phalanges are there in the hand?

14

What projection of the third digit is demonstrated in the image?

PA

If the patient places the palm of the hand against the thigh, the humerus will be in:

Neutral position

The acromial extremity of the clavicle articulates with the:

Acromion process of the scapula.

The small, rounded, elevated process identified by the arrow in this figure is the:

Lesser tubercle

If the patient cannot elevate the unaffected shoulder for a transthoracic lateral projection (Lawrence) of the shoulder, what central ray orientation is needed?

10 to 15 degrees cephalad

What projection and position is demonstrated in the image?

AP oblique, medial rotation

For the AP projection of the forearm, the hand is:

Supinated

The scapula is classified as a(n) _____ bone.

Flat

The lesser tubercle is situated on which surface of the humerus?

Anterior

PA oblique projection of the shoulder (scapular Y) is performed to evaluate:

Dislocations

The part identified on the clavicle in this figure is the:

Acromial extremity

The small, synovial fluid–filled sacs, which relieve pressure and reduce friction in joint tissues, are called:

Bursae

The PA projection of the wrist in ulnar deviation clearly demonstrates the:

Scaphoid

The clavicle is classified as a(n) _____ bone.

Long

To elevate the clavicle above the ribs and scapula for the AP axial projection, the phase of respiration should be:

Full inspiration

For a PA oblique projection of the first digit (thumb), the hand is positioned in:

Pronation

Which of the following passes through the carpal canal?
Radial vein
Radial nerve
Median vein
Median nerve

Median nerve

What bone is shown in this figure?

Humerus

The central ray for a PA projection of the wrist is directed to enter the:

Midcarpal area

What is the largest carpal bone

Capitate

The area on the bone labeled with the arrow is this figure is the:

Trochlear notch

What is an impacted fracture of posterolateral aspect of the humeral head with dislocation

Hill-Sachs defect

Letter B in the figure above labels the _____ phalanx of the _____ digit.

distal; second

The projection of the shoulder demonstrated in this figure is the:

Inferosuperior axial (Lawrence).

Patients often arrive in the radiology department with trauma to the shoulder. Which of the following positions is recommended for x-ray examination of the shoulder on these patients?

Upright

The carpal bones articulate with the:

Radius

Which fat pad is identified by the arrow in this figure?

Anterior

The bone part identified by the arrow in this figure is the:

Coracoid Process

What projection (method) is demonstrated in the image?

Inferosuperior axial (Lawrence)

What anatomy is labeled as letter A in the image below?

Medial epicondyle

What anatomy is labeled as letter C in the image below?

Lateral epicondyle

The third metacarpal of the hand articulates with the:

Capitate

The palm of the hand is formed by:

5 metacarpals

What anatomy is not well demonstrated when the PA oblique hand is performed as show in this photograph?

Distal phalanges and IP joints

What is number 4

Carpal sulcus

Where do you center for images of the second through fifth digits?

PIP joint

Where do you center for images of the thumb

MCP joint

Where do you center for PA and oblique projections of the hand

3rd MCP joint

Where do you center for lateral projections of the hand

2nd MCP joint

How many degrees should the IR be angled for the Stecher method

20

What is the Stecher method used to demonstrate

Scaphoid

What is the central ray angulation for the Gaynor-Hart method?

25-30 degrees

The heads of metacarpals articulate with the:

Phalanges

What kind of bone are metacarpals classified as?

Long

The bases of the metacarpals articulate with the:

Carpals

What type of bone are carpals classified as?

Short

What is the most commonly fractured carpal bone?

Scaphoid

What is a sign of a scaphoid fracture?

Tenderness in the anatomical snuff box

What is number 6?

Flexor retinaculum

What type of joint are the MCP joints?

Ellipsoidal

What type of joint are the 2nd-5th CMC joints?

Gliding

What type of joint is the 1st CMC joint?

Saddle

What type of joints are the IP joints?

Hinge

What type of joints are intercarpal joints?

Gliding

What type of joint is the radiocarpal joint?

Ellipsoidal

Which portion of the humerus articulates with the
radial head?

Capitulum

Fracture at the base of the first
metacarpal

Bennett's fracture

Fracture of distal radius with
anterior (palmar) displacement

Smith fracture

Where is the radial tuberosity facing on a lateral forearm image?

Anteriorly

What should be seen clearly in an AP oblique elbow with medial rotation?

Coronoid process

What should be seen clearly in an AP oblique elbow with lateral rotation?

Radial head

How many degrees is the CR angled for the Coyle method

45

What is the Coyle method used to visualize?

Radial head and coronoid process

What is the projection for an image of the 2nd or 3rd digits?

Mediolateral

What is the projection for an image of the 4th or 5th digits

Lateromedial

Where is the CR centered for the Stecher method?

Scaphoid

Which carpal bone is in profile and free of superimposition in the Gaynor-Hart method?

Pisiform

Soft tissue radiographs of the elbow in the lateral position are often ordered to demonstrate:

Fat pads

The most common oblique projection of the second through fifth digits is _____ with _____ rotation.

PA; lateral

For a PA oblique projection of the first digit (thumb), the hand is positioned in:

Pronation

Flexing the fingers for a PA wrist image does what to the carpal bones?

Brings them closer to the IR