Exam 3 Diseases of the Respiratory System, Diseases of the Respiratory System, Diseases of the Endocrine System Diseases of the Urinary System

Airway inflammation may cause decreased air flow due to:

All of the options are correct, including increased production of thick mucus, bronchospasm, and mucosal (airway) edema.

Increased blood pressure in the pulmonary circulation leading to increased pressure in the right heart, causing hypertrophy and reduced output of the right ventricle as occurs in COPD is called:

Cor Pulmonale.

A bacterial infection causing abscesses in the renal pelvis and interstitial tissue best describes:

Pyelonephritis.

People who smoke and develop lung cancer most commonly have a centrally located squamous cell carcinoma.

True.

Cushing's Syndrome is:

Hypersecretion of the adrenal cortex.

Treatment of glomerulonephritis may include; diuretics, dialysis, and institution of a diet high in salt content.

False; a low salt diet is recommended to avoid increasing edema.

This rare upper airway disease, caused by a bacterial infection, H. influenza (Type B), is:

Epiglottitis.

What is the proper term for the primary, or initial tuberculosis lesion?

Ghon.

Hyposecretion from the anterior pituitary may cause other glands to cease functioning and to atrophy.

True.

A COPD patient is overweight, slightly cyanotic, coughing up sputum, and shows signs of heart failure. This patient is considered a:

Blue Bloater.

All of the following may be seen with pyelonephritis except:

Headache.

A patient develops truncal (central) obesity, a round face, weakness, hyperglycemia, and hypertension as a result of prolonged steroid therapy. What disease do these manifestations best describe?

Cushing's Syndrome.

A cough producing sputum every day for at least three months, for two consecutive years best defines:

Chronic Bronchitis.

A COPD patient is very thin, coughing up minimal sputum, is working very hard to breathe and is showing no signs of heart failure. This patient is considered a:

Pink Puffer.

Over-production of parathyroid hormone produces which of the following:

I. Decreased blood calcium

II. Increased blood calcium

III. Muscular weakness

IV. Tetany

II and III; Increased blood calcium and Muscular weakness.

Albuterol, a bronchodilator, is a front-line treatment for someone having an asthma attack, but is definitely not beneficial in treating someone in the hospital with pneumonia.

False; it is used for almost every pulmonary diagnosis if there is a need to open the airways.

In glomerulonephritis, an antigen-antibody complement reaction causes:

Increased permeability of the glomerulus causing loss of blood cells and proteins into the renal tubules.

Manifestations of this endocrine condition include: weight loss, nervousness, excitability, sleeplessness, profuse perspiration, and exophthalmos.

Hyperthyroidism.

All of the following are manifestations of tuberculosis, except?

Weight gain.

Atherosclerosis may cause decreased blood flow to the kidneys, which stimulates a cascade where renin is released and ultimately angiotensin II, which causes vasoconstriction and hypertension.

True.

Hypothyroidism may be caused by:

All of the options are correct, including lack of thyroid stimulating hormone from the anterior pituitary, thyroidectomy, and radiation damage to the thyroid.

Chronic bronchitis can be caused by a genetic enzyme (alpha-1 antitrypsin) deficiency.

True.

Hypothyroidism

A condition caused by insufficient thyroid hormone production, leading to symptoms like weight gain, lethargy, and dry skin.

A person developing signs & symptoms of mental and physical slowness, weight gain, lethargy, dry skin and coarse hair texture most likely has what endocrine problem?

Hypothyroidism

Which of the following is/are obstructive lung diseases?

Chronic Bronchitis

Emphysema

Cystic Fibrosis

All of the options are correct

Asthma

Tuberculosis and lung cancer often present with similar signs and symptoms.

True

The "master gland" of the endocrine system is the:

Pituitary Gland

All of the following may cause pulmonary edema except?

Increased hydrostatic pressure

Decreased osmotic pressure

- All of the options cause pulmonary edema

Altered capillary permeability

A hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex that increases the absorption of Na+ by the kidney is:

Aldosterone

A deficiency in the release of vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone) by the posterior pituitary gland causes:

Diabetes Insipidus

A patient in the hospital with a RUL pneumonia is coughing up thick, yellow- green sputum.

His pleuritic chest pain and dyspnea have subsided. What stage of the pneumonia is the patient most-likely in?

Resolution

What lung disease occurs in persons environmentally exposed to dust particles over a long period of time, causing the development of lung fibrosis?

Pneumoconiosis

Hypersecretion of growth hormone that causes enlargement of the hands and feet, development of prominent facial features and excessive overgrowth of soft tissue, occurring after puberty is called:

Acromegaly

Permanent destruction of alveolar tissue leading to loss of elastic recoil, over-inflation of alveoli, and loss of alveolar septa best defines:

Emphysema

What abnormality of pulmonary function occurs with obstructive pulmonary disease?

Reduced flow of gas out of the lungs

A category of lung disease in which the intake of air is limited, resulting in decreased lung volumes best describes:

Restrictive disease

The release of histamine into the airway mucosa in an asthma attack causes:

I. Lung fibrosis

II. Bronchospasm

III. Airway (Mucosal) edema

IV. Increased production of thick mucus

II, III, and IV

II. Bronchospasm

III. Airway (Mucosal) edema

IV. Increased production of thick mucus

The name given for airway obstruction associated with chronic bronchitis and emphysema:

COPD

You are recovering after surgery for a fractured hip. During your walk around the hall with Physical Therapy you suddenly become extremely SOB, complain you can't breathe, the side of your chest hurts and your oxygenation status starts to rapidly deteriorate.

What is most-likely causing these manifestations?

Pulmonary Embolism

When renal function ceases, the appropriate treatment is:

Hemodialysis

Gigantism is typically produced by tumors of the:

Pituitary

Pneumoconiosis, pulmonary fibrosis, pneumothorax, obesity, and scoliosis are all classified as obstructive diseases.

false

The inability to exchange respiratory gases so that there is an increased level of carbon dioxide and a decreased level of oxygen in the blood defines:

Respiratory failure

All of the following may be seen with lung cancer except:

Positive skin test

The hormone that increases blood calcium levels is:

Parathyroid hormone (Parathormone)