Puberty: Biological Changes, Hormones, and Reproductive Development

Definition of puberty?

Puberty is the biological changes and sexual maturation that occurs during the transition from childhood to adulthood.

where are hormones made?

in the pituitary gland.

what are the hormone names?

oestrogen, progesterone and testosterone

what do the hormones do in the body?

Hormones are messengers that tell the body what to do. The brain sends messages to the pituitary glands where hormones are made to trigger the start of puberty.

What physical change occurs in females during puberty related to breast development?

Breasts grow

What type of hair growth occurs in females during puberty?

Underarm, leg & pubic hair

What skin condition can increase due to oil production during puberty?

Acne

How do females often feel in terms of energy levels during puberty?

More tired

What happens to the hips of females during puberty?

Hips widen

What increases in females during puberty that affects body odor?

More sweat & body odour

What type of discharge may females experience during puberty?

Vaginal discharge

What reproductive milestone occurs during puberty for females?

Ovulation & onset of period

What changes occur in height and weight for females during puberty?

Increase in height & weight

Physical, mental, social and emotional changes for males during puberty

Sperm grows in testes

Arm, leg, chest & pubic hair

Penis & scrotum grow

Increase in height & weight

Muscles get bigger

Oil production & acne

More tired

Erections start to occur

More sweat & body odour

Urethra

opening where the urine leaves the body.

Clitoris

A small, sensitive organ located at the top of the vulva.

outer lips

the external folds also known as the labia majora that protect the female organs

anus

the bum that digestive waste leaves

inner lips

inner folds on either side of the vaginal opening known as the labia minora

pubic hair

thick, coarse hair that develops with puberty

vaginal opening

the passage that leads from the uterus to the vagina where the blood leaves the body.

Uterus

where a fertilised egg will grow into a baby

ovary

this is where eggs (ovum) develop

ovum

(egg that releases once a month) develops a baby if fertilised by sperm.

fallopian tube

this is where the egg travels down to reach the uterus

cervix

lower part of the uterus that joins to the upper part of the vagina.

vagina

the elastic tunnel that outer organs with the uterus

uterine lining

the layer of tissue that lines the uterus this sheds if an egg is not fertilised (a period)

1st phrase of the menstrual cycle

menstruation (The period and sheds the lining) lasts for 1-7 days

2nd phrase of the menstrual cycle

ovulation: the ovaries release an egg and the uterus begins to rebuild its lining. If the egg is fertilised by a sperm before it arrives in the uterus, it will cause a pregnancy (called conception). (8-14 days)

3rd phrase of the menstrual cycle

Luteal: If the egg isn't fertilised, the uterus lining will continue to thicken, The lining will then break down and another period will begin. (15-28 days)

Tampons

-inserted inside of the vagina

-change it (every 3-4 hours).

-supermarket or chemist

Period underwear

-worn like normal underwear

-can wear allday

-Chemist Warehouse, bonds, modibody

Menstrual Cups

- inserted into the vagina

- change every 6-12 hours.

- pharmacies, supermarkets

Pads

- stuck in the inside of your underwear

- change every 3-4 hours.

- chemist and supermarkets

puberty myths

Everyone hits puberty at the exact same age.

puberty myths

Pimples and acne are caused by bad hygiene or eating junk food.