religion final

what is the constantinian basilica?

this was the first basilica built after the edict of milan(313) and was built in 320. constantine built this church closer to the walls becuase he did not want it to offend pagen temples and also did not want it to be mistaken as a pagen temple. This was a rectangular building with columns, an entabluture and timimium. there was a portico where people would come to cool off before entering the church. once you entered the church there was a center nave with columns seperated the aisles. at the end of the nave, there was an altar with the communion on top. there was a dome part behind the altar called th aspe, and this typically had a painting or representation of who the church was dedicated to. this altar is at the same level of the people, and constantine made this intentionally this way because he thought we should all be at the same level, symbolizing the sacrifice Christ made for us, rather than our sacrifice for him which set this religion apart from the others.

what was the bapistery?

this was a octagonal building where people were baptized. people would step down into the pool and get baptized as a symbol of when jesus would go into the river. the columns were recylced from emperors homes and so was the rest of the building.

what were the holy steps?

this is where jesus walked up before getting crucified. helena transferred these steps and pilgrims will go up these steps and pray on their knees

what is the holiest chapel

this is the first chapel, made in the 9th century, above the altar there was the first picture of christ and it is called the acheropita. it is rumored to not have been painted by humans but angels.

what was the santa maria maggiore?

this was a church dedicated to the virgin mary, this was built by pope sixtus III in 431. this was significant because they believed mary had some divine nature because she gave birth to jesus christ as a virgin. this church is dated back to the 5th century and had a rectangular nave, with white marble that were taken from a pagen temple. there is an entabluture and ionic capitas with the columns, they were all taken from the same temple and we can tell this by how even the columns are. above the entabluture there were square boxes that at certain times of the day would let the light in. and each box tells a story. these boxes had stories from the old testament and then above the altar are the stories of the new testament. there are two aisles on the side of the nave, and there is an triumph arch that frames the altar. this altar is also at the level of the people. there is a portico with this church.

what was santa prassede

this was dedicated to santa maria in 817. Pascal built this church for pilgrims and for the first time this altar was raised. there were over 2000 relecs and this attracted pilgrims. he built a side chapel for his mother. this chapel was covered in moasics. it was bright and very inviting. inside the chapel the ceiling had mosaics of angels and christ. there were relecs under the altar and peopel were buried in this church.

what was the santa maria delle vittoria

this was built in the 5th century in the early medievil era. with a nave, transept altar with aspe and side chapels on the side. this was the church for the poor people. in the middle age the public baths were here and then was converted to a church. there are 3 chapeks in the sides. the transept is a horizontal line across the nave that gives the church the cross shape. these chapels that connect to the transept typicallly have higher ceilings. cardinal borgese financed this church and it became a symbol of the catholic victory over the protestants. bernini was the architect hired to design the cornaro,. this chapel is signficiant becuase it is was dedicated to his family with saint teriesa.

what is can carlo

this is an oval church with, bulit in the 7th century and dedicated to san carlo and the spanish people. there were no side chapels, just hidden on the side in between the columns and there was a central space with an altar at the front. there is the holy spirit represented as a dove.

what is saint andrea?

this church was dedicated to the apostle, who was a fisherman. this was built in the 1650s and all around you can find the fish and symbols that represent the ocean like the color behind his statue. the church is based with one center as he was crucified on an X

what was the church of gesu

this was the first church dedicated to the gesuit order in the 16th century. this church has a nave with a transept and an aspe behind the altar. there is a side chapel in this church that was dedicated to saint ignatius. this is significant becuase at 5:30pm there is a mass held in this small chapel and the painting of saint ignatius is there and then the painting is dropped and the statue is shown. the artist for this church was giacomo della porte, this church was first opened in the jubilee year, bicicci is the artist of the ceiling. the chapel was created in the last 17th century and the main architect was from gesuit school, his relec is under the altar.

what was the church of saint ignatius

finsihed in the 17th century, this was a school of gesuit and the students were able to attend from the windows. the architecture and paintings are very decieving, seemingly like there are arched ceilings but from perception there are not. as one looks at the dome, it is a painted dome and not an acutal dome, this is revealed by walking in different parts of the church. this church has a big nave with side chapels and a transept, church ran out of money so thats why they have the ceiling painted instead of arches and a dome,

what was st. peters basilica

this was built in the early 16th century by julius the 2nd, paul 5th rebuilt it after 100 years. barmonte, angelo and maderno are the artist who redesigned it. there is an entabluture, corithinan coloums and a dome. inside it is unproportional and the nave is not as long as it should be. there are two aisles with chapels and the floor was made from white marble. there are statues in the corner of the transepts and all around this basilica, the altar is raise and the frame where the altar is, was a symbol of unity of the old and new testamnet.

what was the piazza for st. peters

in the 20th century musullini signed a document stating that the land within the columsn became the land of the church, designed so the church seems to be opening its arms up to you, bernini designed where the guards are