Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model

Layer 1- Physical Layer

Deals with the physical connection between devices, including cables, switches, and the transmission of raw bit streams.

Layer 2- Data Link Layer

Responsible for node-to-node data transfer and error detection/correction. It includes protocols like Ethernet.

Layer 3- Network Layer

Manages data routing, forwarding, and addressing. Protocols like IP (Internet Protocol) operate at this layer

Layer 4- Transport Layer

Ensures complete data transfer with error recovery and flow control. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol) are key protocols here.

Layer 5- Session Layer

Manages sessions or connections between applications. It handles session establishment, maintenance, and termination.

Layer 6- Presentation Layer

Translates data between the application layer and the network. It handles data encryption, compression, and translation.

Layer 7- Application Layer

Provides network services directly to end-user applications. Protocols like HTTP, FTP, and SMTP operate at this layer.

Q: What is the OSI model? 

A: A conceptual framework used to understand and implement network communications between different systems, divided into seven layers.

Q: What is the function of the Physical Layer in the OSI model?

A: Deals with the physical connection between devices, including cables, switches, and the transmission of raw bit streams.

Q: Which layer is responsible for node-to-node data transfer and error detection/correction?

A: Data Link Layer

Q: What protocols operate at the Network Layer? 

A: Protocols like IP (Internet Protocol).

Q: What is the main function of the Transport Layer?

A: Ensures complete data transfer with error recovery and flow control.

Q: Which protocols are key at the Transport Layer?

A: TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and UDP (User Datagram Protocol).

Q: What does the Session Layer manage?

A: Manages sessions or connections between applications, including session establishment, maintenance, and termination.

Q: What is the role of the Presentation Layer?

A: Translates data between the application layer and the network, handling data encryption, compression, and translation.

Q: Which layer provides network services directly to end-user applications?

A: Application Layer

Q: Name some protocols that operate at the Application Layer.

A: HTTP, FTP, and SMTP.