Machiavelli

Ancients→Christians→Moderns

1. Secular State

2. Primary of the Individual

3. Power as Positive

Father of Real Politics (Political Realism)

-Practical science informed by reality, NOT ideals

-Focus on the “what is” rather than what “ought to be”

-Politics are amoral

|_Rejects Greek + Christian of good + evil’s

Human Nature

-Selfish!!

-yearn for wealth + power Carrot + Stick (drawing)

-appetites!

Power

-it an end = tool for order + control

-power is positive

-know how to use it: Cunning + Deceit

Virtu: criminal virtue!

• Calculating

• Strength

• Adaptability

• Bold

• Ruthless

• Bravery

• Self Reliance

  |_own arms

• manly self-asseration

• calculated use of cruel methods

• Shock + Awe

Fortune: Opportunity/luck/chance

Stability=mediocrity

Chaos:Crisis

Version of State=Prince

|_amoral

-est own authority