Introduction to Radiology

These flashcards cover key concepts and details about imaging tests in radiology, specifically their use in cancer detection, types of imaging tests, procedures, and safety considerations.

What are imaging tests?

Imaging tests are a way for doctors to see inside the body using energy forms like x-rays, sound waves, or magnetic fields.

What is the primary purpose of imaging tests in cancer management?

Imaging tests are used for cancer screening, diagnosis, treatment planning, determining tumor staging, and monitoring treatment effectiveness.

What is a mammogram?

A mammogram is an imaging test used for cancer screening to look for early-stage breast cancer.

What is a biopsy?

A biopsy is a procedure where a tissue sample is removed to determine if a tumor is cancerous.

What type of imaging test uses strong magnets instead of radiation?

Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) uses strong magnets to create images of soft tissues.

What does a CT scan show?

A CT scan shows cross-sections of the body, providing detailed images of bones, organs, and soft tissues.

What is the difference between benign and malignant tumors?

Benign tumors are not cancerous, while malignant tumors are cancerous and can spread to other parts of the body.

How does a PET scan work?

A PET scan uses a radioactive substance (tracer) to look for disease by showing how parts of the body function.

What is ultrasound used for?

Ultrasound uses high-frequency sound waves to create images of internal organs, useful for identifying fluid-filled cysts and soft tissue diseases.

What role does endoscopy play in cancer detection?

Endoscopy allows doctors to look inside the body and can be used for early detection and treatment of cancer.

What are some known complications from imaging tests using contrast dye?

Possible reactions include rash, nausea, and shortness of breath, although severe reactions are rare.

Who is more sensitive to radiation and should be protected?

Children are more sensitive to radiation and should be protected as much as possible.

Which imaging tests do NOT expose the body to radiation?

MRI and ultrasound exams do not expose the body to radiation.

What factor influences the choice of imaging tests for cancer?

Factors include the tumor's location and type, whether a biopsy is needed, and the expected benefits versus risks.