Development in the zones

Germany had been divided into…zones

4

each zone had its own…

military govenor

the four zones were to coordinate their actions through the…

Allied Control Council (ACC)

what did the ACC make sure of

that they were working together

Stalin recognized the utility of a …..in the Soviet zone

centralised German party system

the USSR were willing to accept…in the Soviet Zone

founding of four political parties

what four political parties were allowed in the Soviet Zone

Communists, German Social Democrats, Liberals, Christian Democrats

The Soviet intention was that the communist political group would….in the Soviet zone

emerge as the dominant group which would form the centre of a whole-Germany communist movement

did the communist political party achieve dominance in the Soviet zone

no

what happened because the communist party did not emerge as the dominant group in the soviet zone

the German Social Democrats and the Communists were forcibly merged by the Soviet Military Administration of Germany

what is SMAD (soviet zone)

the Soviet Military Administration of Germany

what happened in February 1946 in the soviet zone

a new party the German Socialist Unity Party was formed

there was significant opposition from….to the german socialist unity party in the soviet zone

german social democrats

the soviet aim to…had failed in the soviet zone

influence & control german politics in any future united Germany

the soviet zone was increasingly being percieved as a place of…

tyranny and repression by Germans in the Western zone

the unification of left-wing parties in the soviet zone was a breach of…

the principle of joint occupation policies of the ACC

what other breach in policies did the USSR do in the soviet zone

land reform, nationalisation of large industrial production, compulsory tuition in Russian language for German school pupils

the soviet zone was being subjected to…

the soviet model of peoples’ democracies emerging across the rest of Eastern Europe

the British zone consisted of ….. people

22.5 million

the british zone included the major port of…and the…industrial area

hamburg

ruhr

the large population in the british zone was…

costly to feed

because the large population in the british zone was costly to feed, this increased…

britian’s dependency on the USA

Britain was concerned about both….to influence the control of the Ruhr in the British zone

French & soviet efforts

The Ruhr region in the British zone was the…

industrial heart of Germany and was at the centre of Germany’s economic recovery

the economic importance of the Ruhr region in the British zone had…

political implications

Soviet influence over the Ruhr region in the British zone would…

provide further from Germany which might weaken Germany’s economic recovery & strengthen the possibility of a shift towards communism

what was the primary british fear of spring 1946

that a revived Germany might either cooperated with the USSR or be dominated by it

what happened on the 23 August 1946 in the British zone

Britain’s military governor in Germany created the state of North Rhine-Westphalia

after spring 1946 the british zone

committed itself to the merger of the British & American zones

what did Kennan want for the US zone by the summer of 1945

to develop to a degree of independence and economic security that ensured its safety from any potential threat from the Eastern Bloc communist states in Europe

initually the US administration was commited to….

making the joint occupation work

who wanted the joint occupation to work

General Dwight D. Eisenhower & his deputy, General Lucious Clay

who was the first commander of the Office of Military Government, United States

General Dwight Eisenhower

what does OMGUS stand for

first commander of the Office of Military Government, United States

by the Spring of 1947 Clay did not want for the US zone

the Soviet demand that the ruhr should be under allied control, the continued social & economic deprivation of German populations, the soviet desire to create a centralised germany

who was Lucius clay

military governor of the US zone from 1947 & the commander in Cheif of the US forces in Europe

Clay was influential in…

shifting US policy towards Germany

Clay favoured the…

reconstruction of the German economy which influenced Marshall

up until 1947, the french had called for the…

complete dismemberment of Germany & for the internationalisation of the ruhr

France was a major factor in ensuring that the…could not function

ACC

what was the french position

support the creation of two German states with the Western part closely allied & influenced by the Western powers

the French wanted a…for its own saftey

weakened germany

what was KPD

Communist party in the Soviet zone

what was SPD

German Social Democrats in the soviet zone

what was LPDP

Liberals in the soviet zone

what was CDU

Christian Democrats in the soviet zone