CBIO3400 Lecture L19 - Retrograde Transport and Exocytosis

Flashcards covering key concepts related to retrograde transport, exocytosis, and associated diseases in cellular biology.

Retrograde Transport

The process of transporting substances from the Golgi apparatus back to the endoplasmic reticulum.

Exocytosis

The process by which cells actively release substances from vesicles to the external environment.

COPI

A coat protein complex involved in retrograde transport from the Golgi back to the ER.

COPII

A coat protein complex involved in anterograde transport from the ER to the Golgi.

EndoH

Endoglycosidase enzyme that cleaves N-linked glycans between two GlcNAc sugars.

KDEL Sequence

A retention signal for ER-resident soluble proteins, recognized by KDEL receptors.

KDEL Receptor

A protein that binds to KDEL sequence and mediates the retrieval of ER-resident proteins.

Constitutive Secretory Pathway

A default pathway for the continuous delivery of proteins and lipids to the plasma membrane.

Regulated Secretory Pathway

A pathway where secretory proteins are stored and released in response to specific signals.

Cystic Fibrosis

A genetic disorder caused by mutations in the CFTR protein, leading to thick mucus secretion.

SNARE Proteins

Proteins that mediate the fusion of vesicles with target membranes in exocytosis.

Post-Golgi Traffic

The transport of proteins from the trans-Golgi network to various destinations, including the plasma membrane and lysosomes.

Neurodegenerative Diseases

Diseases characterized by the progressive degeneration of the structure and function of the nervous system.

Calcium sensing

A process in exocytosis where calcium ions play a critical role in triggering vesicle fusion.

Synaptic Vesicles

Vesicles that store neurotransmitters and release them during synaptic transmission.

v-SNARE and t-SNARE

Types of SNARE proteins involved in vesicle docking and fusion.