Physical Education 1 Pre-Midterm Pointers

A set of 50 vocabulary flashcards covering key terms in etiquette, energy systems, warm-ups, stretching, fitness components, field tests, and basic strength exercises from the Physical Education 1 pre-midterm lecture.

Energy

The ability to do work; required by the body for all functions and activity.

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)

The chemical compound that supplies energy for all muscular effort.

Carbohydrate

A macronutrient stored in muscles as glycogen and used as a primary source for ATP production.

Glycogen

Stored carbohydrate that is broken down into glucose to fuel muscular activity.

Fat

Nutrient stored under the skin or in adipose tissue; provides insulation and energy.

Triglyceride

Stored form of fat that is split into glycerol and fatty acids for energy.

Protein

Essential macronutrient used for the repair and growth of body tissues.

Phosphate Energy System

Immediate energy pathway supplying ATP for powerful efforts lasting about 10 seconds.

Anaerobic Glycolysis System

High-intensity energy system that produces ATP without oxygen for 10–60 seconds.

Lactic Acid System

Alternate name for the anaerobic glycolysis system that produces lactic acid as a by-product.

Aerobic Energy System

Oxygen-dependent pathway that fuels sub-maximal efforts and recovery beyond 1 minute.

Etiquette

A set of customs and rules for polite behavior within a group or profession.

Protocols Before-During-After Physical Activity

Guidelines such as wearing proper clothing, hydrating, warming up, and taking breaks.

Warm-Up

Pre-exercise activity that increases blood flow, oxygen delivery, and muscle readiness.

Passive Warm-Up

Raising body temperature using external heat sources like hot packs or showers.

General Warm-Up

Light movements of major muscle groups to elevate heart rate and blood flow.

Specific Warm-Up

Low-intensity actions that mimic the actual sport or activity to be performed.

Stretching

Exercises designed to increase joint flexibility and muscle length.

Ballistic Stretching

Controlled, repetitive movements that gradually increase range of motion.

Static Stretching

Holding a stretch position without movement to lengthen muscles over time.

Dynamic Stretching

Active, sport-specific stretches that move joints through their range of motion.

Cool Down

Post-exercise phase that gradually returns the body to normal physiological levels.

Overexertion

Exercise performed beyond an individual’s capacity in frequency, intensity, time, or type.

Dehydration

Loss of body fluids via sweat, breath, and urine leading to fatigue and poor coordination.

Hypothermia

Condition in which body temperature falls below 35 °C due to excessive heat loss.

Hyperthermia

Abnormally high body temperature resulting from the body absorbing or generating more heat than it releases.

Physical Fitness

Functional capacity of the body that allows for an improved quality of life.

Health-Related Fitness

Fitness components directly linked to good health and reduced risk of hypokinetic disease.

Body Composition

Relative percentages of muscle, fat, bone, and other tissues in the body.

Waist Circumference

Measurement used to assess body composition and abdominal fat.

Flexibility

Ability of joints to move through their full range of motion.

Sit and Reach Test

Field assessment of hamstring and lower-back flexibility.

Cardiovascular Endurance

Ability of the heart, lungs, and vessels to deliver oxygen to working muscles.

Three-Minute Step Test

Simple test used to measure cardiovascular endurance.

Muscular Strength

Capacity of muscles to exert an external force or control body weight.

90-Degree Push-Up Test

Assessment tool for measuring upper-body muscular strength.

Skill-Related Fitness

Fitness elements that contribute directly to performance in specific sports.

Power

Ability to transfer energy into force rapidly.

Standing Long Jump

Field test used to evaluate leg power.

Balance

Ability to maintain equilibrium while stationary or moving.

Stork Balance Stand Test

Assessment of static balance by standing on one foot.

Reaction Time

Speed at which an individual responds to a stimulus or makes a decision.

Stick Drop Test

Simple assessment used to measure reaction time.

Aerobic Exercise

Moderate-intensity activity with repetitive movements that relies on oxygen for energy.

Strength Training Exercises

Activities that work muscles against resistance to increase strength.

Push-Ups

Body-weight exercise in which the torso is lowered and raised using arm strength.

Superman

Prone exercise involving simultaneous lifting of arms and legs to strengthen the back.

Crunches

Abdominal exercise where the head and shoulders lift off the ground from a supine position.

Side Crunches

Oblique exercise performed lying on the side and lifting the shoulder and legs.

Squats

Lower-body exercise where hips are lowered until thighs are parallel to the ground, then raised again.