3. Jahangir, Shah Jahan, Aurangzeb

Jahangir reign period

1605 AD-1627 AD

Jahangir original name

Nur-ud-Din Muhammad Salim/Prince Salim (son of Harka Bai)

Zanjir-i-Adal (Chain of Justice)

Established at Agra Fort by Jahangir for seekers of royal justice

Jahangir's Persian wife married in 1611 AD

Mehr-un-Nissa (widow of Sher Afghan), later known as Nur Jahan

Jahangir's Rajput wife

Manmati Bai (Jagat Gosai), Kachwaha princess, mother of Prince Khurram (Shah Jahan)

Tomb of Itimad-ud-Daulah

Built by Nur Jahan in Agra in memory of her father, inlaid with Pietra Dura

Sarai of Nurmahal

Monument in Punjab constructed under patronage of Nur Jahan

Ruler of Mewar who accepted suzerainty of Jahangir

Amar Singh

William Hawkins

Representative of British East India Company who visited Jahangir in 1608 AD (given Mansab of 400, "English Khan")

Sir Thomas Roe

Ambassador of King James I who came to Jahangir's court in 1615 AD

City where Jahangir granted English permission to establish a port

Surat

Sikh Guru executed by Jahangir

5th Sikh Guru, Guru Arjan Dev (for giving refuge to rebellious son Khusrau)

Jahangir's autobiography

"Tuzuk-i-Jahangiri" in Persian language

Author of Jahangir's biography "Iqbalnama-i-Jahangiri"

Mutamid Khan

Location of Jahangir's Tomb

Lahore, Pakistan

Shah Jahan reign period

1628 AD-1658 AD

Shah Jahan original name

Prince Khurram

Shah Jahan's wife

Mumtaz Mahal (Original name

Taj Mahal

Built by Shah Jahan in memory of Mumtaz Mahal in Agra (1632 AD-1653 AD)

Main architect of Taj Mahal

Ustad-Ahmad Lahori

European travellers who described Shah Jahan's reign

Bernier (French) and Tavernier (French), Niccolao Manucci (Italian)

Chakla

New administrative unit introduced by Shah Jahan (placed between Subah and Pargana)

Shah Jahan's reign is known as

Pinnacle of Mughal Dynasty ("Golden Age" for architecture)

Red Fort (Delhi)

Built by Shah Jahan when he moved his capital from Agra to Delhi in 1638 (Designed by Ustad Ahmad Lahori)

Diwan-i-Aam (Hall of public audience)

Built by Akbar/Shah Jahan in Agra, and Shah Jahan in Delhi

Diwan-i-Khas (Hall of private audience)

Built by Akbar/Shah Jahan in Agra, and Shah Jahan in Delhi

Mussman Burz in Agra

Jasmine Tower where Shah Jahan spent his last years in captivity

Peacock throne

Made with roughly 1100 kg gold, also known as Takht-e-Taus

Moti Masjid at Agra Fort

Built by Shah Jahan in white marble

Author of Padshahnama/Badshahnama

Abdul Hamid Lahori

Shah Jahan's sons involved in war of succession

Dara Shikoh, Aurangzeb, Murad Baksh

Son confirmed as heir by Shah Jahan

Dara Shikoh (title

Location of Shah Jahan's imprisonment by Aurangzeb

Agra Fort (buried next to Mumtaz's tomb in Taj Mahal)

Location of Shah Jahan's Tomb

Agra, India (Taj Mahal)

Aurangzeb reign period

1658 AD-1707 AD

Battles where Aurangzeb defeated Dara Shikoh

Dharmat (1658), Samugarh (1658, decisive), & Deorai (1659)

Title assumed by Aurangzeb upon crowning

"Alamgir" (Conqueror of the World)

Sikh Guru executed by Aurangzeb

9th Guru, Guru Teg Bahadur (refused to embrace Islam)

Regions annexed by Aurangzeb in Deccan

Bijapur (1686 AD) and Golconda (1687 AD)

Muhtasibs

Censors of Public Morals appointed by Aurangzeb

Muslim Laws written by Aurangzeb

Fatwa-i-Alamgiri

Tax re-introduced by Aurangzeb in 1679 AD

Jizya

Location of Aurangzeb's death (1707 AD)

Devgiri, Aurangabad (present day Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar)

Aurangzeb's burial location

Khuldabad (Daulatabad), Near Aurangabad, Maharashtra

Aurangzeb was called

"Zinda Pir" (living saint)

Moti Masjid inside Red Fort in Delhi

Built by Aurangzeb

Bibi ka Maqbara

Built by Azam Shah (son of Aurangzeb) in Aurangabad in memory of Rabia-ud-Durrani (known as "Taj of the Deccan")