Topic 6 - The Rate and Extent of Chemical Change

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14 Terms

1

What is the rate of reaction?

The rate at which reactants are converted to products

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2

What does the rate of a reaction depend on?

  • The frequency of collisions between particles

  • Amount of energy transferred during collisions

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3

Name 5 ways in which you can increase the rate of a reaction

  • Increase temperature

  • Increase pressure of gas

  • Increase concentration of solution

  • Increase surface area to volume ratio

  • Use a catalyst

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4

How does a catalyst increase rate of reaction

Decreases the activation energy

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5

What is the activation energy?

The minimum amount of energy transferred to start a reaction

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6

What is the equation for rate of reaction?

Amount of product formed (or reactant used up) / time

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7

In what 3 ways can you measure rate of reaction?

  • Measure a visual change (change of colour or precipitate)

  • Change in mass (using a balance)

  • Measure volume of gas given off (using gas syringe)

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8

What is a reversible reaction?

A reaction which can go both ways, it is shown using two arrows.

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9

What does it mean when a reaction is at equilibrium?

Both forward and reverse reactions take place at the same time, at the same rate so no change can be spotted

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10

In what condition must a reaction be in for it to be in equilibrium?

It must be in a closed system

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11

What is Le Chatelier’s Principle?

If you change the conditions of a reaction which is at equilibrium, the system will adapt to counteract the change

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12

What happens if you increase the temperature of a reaction at equilibrium?

Rate of reaction on the endothermic side will increase to decrease the temperature

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13

What happens if you increase the pressure of a reaction at equilibrium?

Rate of reaction on the side with less gas molecules will increase to decrease pressure

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14

What happens if you increase the concentration of the reactants in a reaction at equilibrium?

The system will produce more products

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