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What is the rate of reaction?
The rate at which reactants are converted to products
What does the rate of a reaction depend on?
The frequency of collisions between particles
Amount of energy transferred during collisions
Name 5 ways in which you can increase the rate of a reaction
Increase temperature
Increase pressure of gas
Increase concentration of solution
Increase surface area to volume ratio
Use a catalyst
How does a catalyst increase rate of reaction
Decreases the activation energy
What is the activation energy?
The minimum amount of energy transferred to start a reaction
What is the equation for rate of reaction?
Amount of product formed (or reactant used up) / time
In what 3 ways can you measure rate of reaction?
Measure a visual change (change of colour or precipitate)
Change in mass (using a balance)
Measure volume of gas given off (using gas syringe)
What is a reversible reaction?
A reaction which can go both ways, it is shown using two arrows.
What does it mean when a reaction is at equilibrium?
Both forward and reverse reactions take place at the same time, at the same rate so no change can be spotted
In what condition must a reaction be in for it to be in equilibrium?
It must be in a closed system
What is Le Chatelier’s Principle?
If you change the conditions of a reaction which is at equilibrium, the system will adapt to counteract the change
What happens if you increase the temperature of a reaction at equilibrium?
Rate of reaction on the endothermic side will increase to decrease the temperature
What happens if you increase the pressure of a reaction at equilibrium?
Rate of reaction on the side with less gas molecules will increase to decrease pressure
What happens if you increase the concentration of the reactants in a reaction at equilibrium?
The system will produce more products
