BIO 120 - Enzymes & Genes

DNA gyrase

Replaces supercoils ahead of relpisome

Origin-binding protein

Binds origin of replication to open double helix (dnaA)

Helicase loader

Loads helicase at origin

Single-strand binding protein

Prevents single strands from annealing (ssb)

Primase

Primes new strands of DNA (dnaG)

DNA polymerase III

Main polymerizing enzyme

Sliding clamp

Holds Poly III on DNA (DnaN)

Clamp loader

Loads Poly II onto sliding clamp (HolA-E)

Dimerization subunit (Tau)

Holds together the two core enzymes for the leading and lagging strands (DnaX)

Polymerase subunit

Strand elongation

DNA polymerase I

Excises RNA primer and fills in gaps

DNA ligase

Seals nicks in DNA (LigA, LigB)

Tus protein

Binds terminus and blocks progress of the replication fork (tus)

Topoisomerase IV

Unlinking of interlocked circles (parCE)

Gene: gyrAB

Enzyme: DNA gyrase

Gene: dnaA

Enzyme: Origin-binding protein

Gene: dnaC

Enzyme: Helicase loader

Gene: dnaB

Enzyme: Helicase

Gene: ssb

Enzyme: Single-strand binding protein

Gene: dnaG

Enzyme: Primase

Gene: dnaN

Enzyme: Sliding clamp

Gene: holA-E

Enzyme: Clamp loader

Gene: dnaX

Enzyme: Dimerization subunit (Tau)

Gene: dnaE

Enzyme: Polymerase subunit

Gene: dnaQ

Enzyme: Proofreading subunit

Gene: polA

Enzyme: DNA polymerase I

Gene: ligA, ligB

Enzyme: DNA ligase

Gene: tus

Enzyme: Tus protein

Gene: parCE

Enzyme: Topoisomerase IV