Reactions of acids
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10 Terms
What is an acid?
An acid is a substance that releases hydrogen ions (H⁺) when dissolved in water.
What is the pH scale used for?
The pH scale measures the acidity or alkalinity of a solution.
What is the pH of a neutral solution?
A neutral solution has a pH of 7.
What is the reaction between an acid and a metal?
An acid reacts with a metal to produce a salt and hydrogen gas (e.g., hydrochloric acid + zinc → zinc chloride + hydrogen).
What is the reaction between an acid and a base?
An acid reacts with a base to form a salt and water (neutralization).
What is the reaction between an acid and a carbonate?
An acid reacts with a carbonate to produce a salt, water, and carbon dioxide.
What is a strong acid?
A strong acid dissociates completely in water to release hydrogen ions (e.g., hydrochloric acid).
What is a weak acid?
A weak acid only partially dissociates in water (e.g., ethanoic acid).
What are the products of the neutralization reaction between hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide?
The products are sodium chloride (salt) and water.
How is the pH of a solution affected by the concentration of hydrogen ions?
A higher concentration of hydrogen ions leads to a lower pH (more acidic).