Chapter 17 Vocabulary : Equilibrium

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Introductory Chemistry

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15 Terms

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Collision model

Theory stating that reactants must collide with sufficient energy to react.

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Activation energy (Ea)

The minimum energy that reacting species must possess to undergo a reaction.

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Catalyst

A substance that speeds up a reaction without being consumed in the process.

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Enzymes

Biological catalysts that increase the rate of chemical reactions in cells.

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Equilibrium

A state where the concentrations of reactants and products remain constant.

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Chemical equilibrium

The dynamic state where the rate of the forward reaction equals the reverse rate.

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Law of chemical equilibrium

The relationship between the concentrations of reactants and products at equilibrium.

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Equilibrium expression

A mathematical ratio of product concentrations to reactant concentrations at equilibrium.

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Equilibrium constant (K)

A number that expresses the ratio of products to reactants at equilibrium.

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Equilibrium position

The relative concentrations of reactants and products at equilibrium.

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Homogeneous equilibria

Equilibria in which all reactants and products are in the same phase.

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Heterogeneous equilibria

Equilibria involving reactants or products in different phases.

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Le Châtelier’s principle

When a system at equilibrium is disturbed, it shifts to counteract the change.

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Solubility product constant (Ksp)

The equilibrium constant for a saturated solution of a sparingly soluble salt.

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Solubility product

Another term for the solubility product constant (Ksp).