Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic Cells & Cell Division

Fill-in-the-blank flashcards covering major differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells, organelle functions, and cell-division processes.

Intermediate filaments help define a cell’s __ and shape.

organization

Mitochondria and chloroplasts perform __ functions and energy conversion.

metabolic

The organelles responsible for protein synthesis are __.

ribosomes

The cell-division process that produces two genetically identical daughter cells is called __.

mitosis

__ requires recombination and two successive divisions to yield four haploid cells.

meiosis

All plant, animal, fungal, and protozoan cells are classified as __.

eukaryotes

In most prokaryotes, the DNA is typically __ in shape.

circular

Eukaryotic chromosomes consist of __ DNA molecules associated with histone proteins.

linear

Prokaryotic ribosomes are __ Svedberg units, whereas eukaryotic ribosomes are 80S.

70S

The flagella of prokaryotes are composed of the protein __.

flagellin

The organelle that is absent in prokaryotes but abundant in eukaryotes for ATP production is the __.

mitochondrion / mitochondria

__ are present in algae and plant cells but absent in animal cells.

chloroplasts

Prokaryotes reproduce asexually by the simple division process known as __.

binary fission

A bacterial cell wall is usually present, whereas the cell wall in animal cells is __.

absent

In prokaryotes, respiratory enzymes are located in the __ membrane.

cell (plasma)

The genetic material of the bacteriophage ΦX174 (ox174) is __.

single-stranded DNA

Eukaryotic cilia and flagella contain a core made of __.

microtubules

Lamellipodia and filopodia in eukaryotic cells are constructed from the protein __.

actin

The __ is the endomembrane organelle that modifies, sorts, and packages proteins.

Golgi apparatus

Large storage compartments common in plant cells are called __.

vacuoles (sap vacuoles)

In eukaryotic cells, DNA is located in the nucleus, mitochondria, and __.

chloroplast

__ are plasma-membrane infoldings in prokaryotes often associated with respiration.

Mesosomes

The network that provides structural support and intracellular transport in eukaryotes is the __.

cytoskeleton

Cellulosic cell walls are characteristic of __ cells within eukaryotes.

plant