CVD WK8 Intro
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31 Terms
What is the sequence of angiotensin I?
Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe-His-Leu
What is the sequence of angiotensin II?
Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe
What is the sequence of angiotensin III?
Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe
What is the sequence of angiotensinogen?
Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe-His-Leu-Val-Ile…
What does renin do?
Cleaves angiotensinogen → angiotensin I (between Leu and Val)
What does ACE do?
Cleaves angiotensin I → angiotensin II (removes His-Leu)
What does aminopeptidase do?
Cleaves angiotensin II → angiotensin III (removes Asp)
Where does renin cleave angiotensinogen?
Between Leu¹⁰ and Val¹¹
Where does ACE cleave angiotensin I?
Between Phe⁸ and His⁹ (removes His-Leu)
Where does aminopeptidase cleave angiotensin II?
Removes N-terminal Asp
What is the sequence of bradykinin?
Arg-Pro-Pro-Gly-Phe-Ser-Pro-Phe-Arg
What does ACE do to bradykinin?
Breaks it down (inactivates it)
What happens to bradykinin with ACE inhibitors?
Bradykinin increases (not broken down)
What side effect does increased bradykinin cause?
Cough
What are the five classes of antihypertensives covered?
Renin inhibitors, ACE inhibitors, Angiotensin antagonists, Calcium channel blockers, Thiazide diuretics
What is an example of a renin inhibitor?
Aliskiren
What are examples of ACE inhibitors?
Ramipril, Lisinopril, Enalapril
What are examples of ARBs?
Losartan, Valsartan, Candesartan, Irbesartan
What is the target of ACE inhibitors?
ACE enzyme
What is the target of ARBs?
AT1 receptor
What is the target of renin inhibitors?
Renin
What is a pro of renin inhibitors?
Blocks at the start of the pathway
What is a con of renin inhibitors?
Not as effective as ACE inhibitors
What is a pro of ACE inhibitors?
Effective, proven in trials
What is a con of ACE inhibitors?
Cough (bradykinin), angioedema
What is a pro of ARBs?
No cough
What is a con of ARBs?
Not better than ACE inhibitors
What is the sequence of angiotensinogen?
Asp-Arg-Val-Tyr-Ile-His-Pro-Phe-His-Leu-Val-Ile
What is the difference between angiotensin I and angiotensin II?
Angiotensin II is missing His-Leu (cleaved by ACE)
What is the difference between angiotensin II and angiotensin III?
Angiotensin III is missing Asp (cleaved by aminopeptidase)