Oral path ch 1 (end of ch questions)

After arriving at a differential diagnosis, information from which one of the following categories will best establish a final or definitive diagnosis?

A) Clinical

B) Historical

C) Microscopic

D) Radiographic

C) Microscopic

The descriptive term that would best be used for a freckle is a:

A) Bulla

B) Vesicle

C) Lobule

D) Macule

D) Macule

Which one of the following terms describes the base of a lesion that is stalklike?

A) Sessile

B) Lobule

C) Pedunculated

D) Macule

C) Pedunculated

Clinical diagnosis can be used to determine the final or definitive diagnosis of all of the following except:

A) Fordyce granules

B) Unerupted supernumerary teeth

C) Mandibular tori

D) Erythema migrans

B) Unerupted supernumerary teeth

Radiographic diagnosis would contribute to the definitive diagnosis of all of the following except:

A) Internal resorption

B) Periapical cemento-osseous dysplasia

C) Odontomas

D) A retained deciduous tooth

D) A retained deciduous tooth

To determine the presence of blood dyscrasias, which one of the following would provide the most definitive information?

A) Laboratory blood tests

B) Bleeding during probing

C) Pallor of the gingiva and mucosa

D) Patient complaint of weakness

A) Laboratory blood tests

When an antifungal ointment or cream is used to treat angular cheilitis, which one of the following diagnostic categories is being used?

A) Clinical

B) Therapeutic

C) Laboratory

D) Differential

B) Therapeutic

Yellow clusters of ectopic sebaceous glands commonly observed on the buccal mucosa and evaluated through clinical diagnosis are most likely:

A) Lipomas

B) Fibromas

C) Fordyce granules

D) Linea alba

C) Fordyce granules

A slow-growing, bony, hard, exophytic growth on the midline of the hard palate is developmental and hereditary in origin. The diagnosis is determined through clinical evaluation. You suspect:

A) Torus palatinus

B) Mixed tumor

C) Palatal cyst

D) Nasopalatine cyst

A) Torus palatinus

The "white line" observed clinically on the buccal mucosa that extends from anterior to posterior along the occlusal plane is:

A) Leukoedema

B) Leukoplakia

C) Linea alba

D) Lichen planus

C) Linea alba

Which one of the following occurs as an erythematous area, is devoid of filiform papillae, is oval to rectangular in shape, does not change its characteristics, and is located on the midline of the dorsal surface of the tongue?

A) Median rhomboid glossitis

B) Erythema migrans

C) Fissured tongue

D) Lingual thyroid

A) Median rhomboid glossitis

Which one of the following diagnostic categories would the dental hygienist most easily apply to the preliminary evaluation of oral lesions?

A) Microscopic

B) Clinical

C) Therapeutic

D) Differential

B) Clinical

These examples of exostoses are found on the lingual aspect of the mandible in the area of the premolars. They are benign, bony, hard, and require no treatment. Radiographically they appear as radiopaque areas and are often bilateral. You suspect:

A) Retrocuspid papilla

B) Lingual mandibular bone concavity

C) Genial tubercles

D) Mandibular tori

D) Mandibular tori

Which one of the following terms is most often used when describing mandibular tori?

A) Bullous

B) Lobulated

C) Sessile

D) Pedunculated

B) Lobulated

Which of the following conditions is a benign anomaly, has a diffuse gray-to-white opaque appearance on the buccal mucosa, and is most commonly seen in adult Black individuals?

A) Leukoedema

B) Linea alba

C) Erythema migrans

D) Leukoplakia

A) Leukoedema

A patient has the clinical signs of necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis. The hygienist has the patient begin hydrogen peroxide rinses without culturing the bacterial flora. This action applies to which one of the following diagnostic categories?

A) Therapeutic

B) Microscopic

C) Clinical

D) Final or definitive

A) Therapeutic

A small circumscribed lesion usually less than 1cm in diameter that is elevated and protrudes above the surface of normal surrounding tissue is call a:

A) Bulla

B) Macule

C) Vesicle

D) Papule

D) Papule

The base of a sessile lesion is:

A) Broad and flat

B) Stemlike

C) Corrugated

D) Lobulated

A) Broad and flat

The identification of which one of the following is not determined by clinical diagnosis?

a. Fordyce granules

b. Tori

C) Compound odontoma

d. Retrocuspid papilla

C) Compound odontoma

Another term for erythema migrans is:

A) Allergic tongue

B) Median rhomboid glossitis

C) Geographic tongue

D) White hairy tongue

C) Geographic tongue

The cause of supernumerary teeth is most likely:

A) Genetic

B) Traumatic

C) Cystic

D) Systemic

A) Genetic

Historical diagnosis can include the patient's:

A) Age and sex

B) Family history

C) Medical history

D) All of the above

D) All of the above

Which condition is most often seen on the buccal mucosa?

A) Melanin pigmentation

B) Fordyce granules

C) Nicotine stomatitis

D) Angular cheilitis

B) Fordyce granules

Which one of the following is not considered a variant of normal?

A) Migratory glossitis

B) White hairy tongue

C) Fissured tongue

D) Hairy leukoplakia

D) Hairy leukoplakia

Which cyst is often described as a radiolucency that scallops around the roots of the teeth involved?

A) Stafne bone

B) Traumatic bone

C) Radicular

D) Residual

B) Traumatic bone

What percentage of erythroplakias is diagnosed as severe epithelial dysplasia or squamous cell carcinoma?

A) 10%

B) 25%

C) 60%

D) 90%

D) 90%

Which of the following best describes the number of types of HPV? More than:

A) 35

B) 75

C) 100

D) 130

D) 130

Which one of the following terms best defines leukoplakia?

A) Clinical

B) Histologic

C) Historical

D) Microscopic

A) Clinical

Gingival enlargement is caused by which of the following groups of drugs?

A) Antiviral

B) Calcium channel blockers

C) Antibiotics

D) Hypersensitivity medications

B) Calcium channel blockers

Because it is associated with candidiasis, an antifungal medication is used sometimes to help in the diagnosis or treatment of:

A) lingual thyroid

B) erythema migrans

C) central papillary atrophy

D) black hairy tongue

C) central papillary atrophy

The best way to determine whether lingual thyroid contains the patient's functioning thyroid tissue is:

A) Thyroid scan

B) Blood test

C) Biopsy

D) Medication

A) Thyroid scan

Retrocuspid papillae are found on the:

A) Lingual gingiva between maxillary centrals

B) Buccal mucosa

C) Lingual aspects of mandibular canines

D) Lateral border of the posterior tongue

C) Lingual aspects of mandibular canines

The benign stratified squamous cell papilloma is considered low risk and is associated with which types of HPV?

A) 16 and 18

B) 2 and 3

C) 6 and 11

D) 1 and 9

C) 6 and 11

The most common location for lingual thyroid is:

A) Ventral tongue

B) Dorsal of anterior third of tongue

C) In the neck

D) Between the foramen cecum and epiglottis

D) Between the foramen cecum and epiglottis

Which of the following is characterized by symptoms including dysphagia, dysphonia, and dyspnea?

A) Median rhomboid glossitis

B) Erythema migrans

C) Lingual thyroid

D) Fissured tongue

C) Lingual thyroid

All of the following are characteristics of periodical cement osseous dysplasia except one. Which one is the exception?

A) Black female

B) Vital teeth

C) Mid 30's age

D) Elevated serum alkaline phosphatase

D) Elevated serum alkaline phosphatase

All of the following are diagnosed without biopsy except one. Which one is the exception?

A) Fissured tongue

B) Erythroplakia

C) Central papillary atrophy

D) Erythema migrans

B) Erythroplakia

A lesion is measured at 6 cm. What is the approximate size of the lesion?

A) 6 inches

B) 3 inches

C) 100 mm

D) 10 mm

B) 3 inches

Scrotal tongue is another term for:

A) Geographic tongue (erythema migrans)

B) Coated tongue

C) Fissured tongue

D) Median rhomboid glossitis

C) Fissured tongue

Approximately one third of patients with fissured tongue will also have:

A) Erythema migrans

B) Median rhomboid glossitis

C) Hairy tongue

D) Mandibular tori

A) Erythema migrans

Which of the following HPV subtypes are most frequently associated with oropharyngeal carcinoma?

A) 6 and 11

B) 16 and 18

C) 13 and 32

D) 2 and 7

B) 16 and 18

All of the following statements regarding leukoedema are true except one. Which is the exception?

A) It is seen most often in darker-skinned individuals

B) It disappears when the mucosa is stretched

C) It is considered a variation of normal anatomy

D) It is considered a leukoplakia

D) It is considered a leukoplakia

Which of the following statements regarding geographic tongue is false?

A) It is also known as erythema migrans

B) It is seen exclusively on the tongue

C) The exact etiology is unknown

D) Most patients are asymptomatic

B) It is seen exclusively on the tongue

The radiographic appearance of a complex odontoma shows a mass of:

A) Radiolucency

B) Tooth structures

C) Radiopacity

D) Supernumerary teeth

C) Radiopacity

A supernumerary tooth between the maxillary centrals is called:

A) Odontoma

B) Distodens

C) Dens in Dente

D) Mesiodens

D) Mesiodens

Gingival enlargement can be caused by:

A) Clindamycin

B) Nifedipine

C) Amoxicillin

D) Tegretol

B) Nifedipine

Which appearance of the tongue is associated with Sjögren syndrome?

A) Geographic

B) Strawberry

C) Erythema migrans

D) Cobblestone

D) Cobblestone

The term pedunculated can be used to describe which lesion?

A) Retrocuspid papilla

B) Fibroma

C) Scrotal tongue

D) Torus palatinus

B) Fibroma

Where is Hirschfeld papilla found?

A) Dorsal of the tongue

B) Posterior buccal mucosa

C) Lingual gingival margin of mandibular canines

D) On the incisal papilla

C) Lingual gingival margin of mandibular canines

Internal resorption will appear radiographically as:

A) Radiopaque and localized

B) Radiolucent and diffuse

C) A periapical radiolucency

D) Mesial or distal caries

B) Radiolucent and diffuse