22.3d Measures of Respiratory Function
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22 Terms
respiratory cycles per minute
The respiratory rate is the number of ?
12 to 20 breaths
Normal respiratory rate for an adult is ? per minute
18 to 24 breaths
Normal respiratory rate for children is ? per minute
40 to 60 breaths
Normal respiratory rate for an infant is ? per minute
total lung capacity
The maximum lung capacity—the total amount of air contained in the lung at the end of maximal inspiration—is the ?.
tidal volume (Vt)
The average volume of gas inhaled or exhaled in one respiratory cycle is the ?.
500 mL (5 to 7 mL/kg)
In the adult man, tidal volume is approximately ?.
dead space volume (Vd)
The amount of gas in the tidal volume that does not take part in gas exchange and remains in air passageways is the ?
150 mL
Dead space volume is approximately ? in the adult man.
trachea and bronchi
Anatomic dead space includes the ?.
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or atelectasis
Obstructions or diseases such as ? can cause physiologic dead space.
alveolar volume (Va)
The amount of gas in the tidal volume that reaches the alveoli for gas exchange is the ?
tidal volume and dead space volume
The alveolar volume is the difference between ?
350 mL
Alveolar volume is approximately ? in the adult man
Va = Vt - Vd
The equation for calculating alveolar volume is ?
minute volume (Vmin)
The amount of gas moved in and out of the respiratory tract in 1 minute is the ?
Alveolar minute volume (Va-min)
? is the amount of gas that reaches the alveoli for gas exchange in 1 minute
inspiratory reserve volume (IRV)
The ? is the maximum amount of air that can be inhaled after a normal inspiration.
expiratory reserve volume (ERV)
The ? is the maximum amount of air that can be exhaled after a normal expiration.
residual volume (RV)
The ? is the amount of air remaining in the lungs at the end of maximal expiration.
functional residual capacity (FRC)
The ? is the volume of gas that remains in the lungs at the end of normal expiration.
forced expiratory volume (FEV)
The ? is the amount of air that can be maximally expired after maximum inspiration.