US History Final Exam Review

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Flashcards about US History, focusing on the Vietnam War, Cold War, and Reagan Era.

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49 Terms

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Tet Offensive

Guerrilla fighters attacked American airbases in South Vietnam and most of the South’s major cities.

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Napalm

A jellied gasoline that explodes on contact, dropped from airplanes during the Vietnam War.

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Ho Chi Minh Trail

A route used by North Vietnamese to get supplies to the Vietcong fighting in South Vietnam.

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Credibility Gap

The difference between what the government was claiming and what Americans were seeing on the evening news during the Vietnam War.

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Vietnamization

Policy by President Nixon involving the gradual withdrawal of U.S. troops from Vietnam while the South Vietnamese assumed more of the fighting.

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Geneva Accords Effects

They created a temporary division of Vietnam and called for elections to be held in Vietnam in 1956.

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Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

With the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, Congress handed its war powers to the president.

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Goals of Agent Orange

To devastate the Vietcong’s food sources and to destroy the Vietcong’s ability to hide in forested areas.

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Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

An event that led to a dramatic increase of U.S. troops in Vietnam.

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Cronkite as a dove

Cronkite was against the war in Vietnam.

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Anti-Vietnam War Protests

Anti-Vietnam War protests often focused on the unfair draft system.

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Bay of Pigs Failure

The Bay of Pigs operation in Cuba failed because a popular uprising against Fidel Castro never materialized.

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Cuban Missile Crisis Outcome

The most significant outcome of the Cuban missile crisis was removing long-range missiles.

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Kennedy's Space Race Motive

President Kennedy’s motive for proceeding with the space race against the Soviets was ideological.

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Détente

A policy involving relaxed tensions between nations.

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Cold War

A period of tension that does not involve a military action.

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Brinkmanship

President Eisenhower’s foreign policy threatened war, hoping an opponent would back down.

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NATO

A military alliance was formed between the United States and Western Europe after World War II.

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Cuban Missile Crisis

An event described as a Cold War event.

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Purpose of the Berlin Wall

The Berlin Wall was constructed to keep Germans from traveling between communist and capitalist areas.

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Nixon's Visit to China

Richard Nixon visited China in 1972 to attempt to normalize relations.

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Purpose of the Korean War

The Korean War was fought mainly to prevent communism from spreading to South Korea.

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CIA

Presidents Eisenhower and Kennedy authorized the use of covert operations by the CIA.

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Bay of Pigs Invasion

The Bay of Pigs invasion was President Kennedy’s attempt to stop communism from spreading to Cuba.

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Containment of Russian Expansion

The United States believed that containment of Russian expansion would result in the defeat of communism.

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Truman Doctrine

The Truman Doctrine promised that the United States would aid any group fighting communism.

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Warsaw Pact

Eastern European countries formed the Warsaw Pact in response to the formation of NATO.

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Threat of China-Soviet Alliance

The United States feared the two countries would support communist revolutions elsewhere.

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CIA

An organization known for covert, or secret, operations.

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Truman's Pledge

President Harry Truman was pledging to help other countries resist communism.

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Truman's Action

President Truman’s action was an example of his asking Congress for funds to fight communism in Greece and Turkey.

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Nixon's vietnamization plan

President Nixon’s Vietnamization plan included slowly withdrawing troops from Vietnam.

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Gulf of Tonkin

Accounts of North Vietnamese torpedo-boat attacks on United States destroyers in the Gulf of Tonkin during the summer of 1964 were used to justify escalation of the American war effort.

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Kent State University

Kent State University was the site in 1970 of an antiwar demonstration in which four students were killed by members of the National Guard

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led to increased antiwar sentiment in the United States

Significance of the 1968 Tet Offensive

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Public opposition was more significant for the Vietnam War than for the Korean War

A key difference between the Korean War and the Vietnam War

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Presidents deepened United States military engagement in Vietnam without a declaration of war

War Powers Act

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documents that suggested the American government was lying about the Vietnam War

The Pentagon Papers refer to

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To many antiwar activists, the events at My Lai

highlighted the immorality and secrecy of the war

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Large increases in the incomes of wealthy Americans

“Reaganomics,” or supply-side economics, led to which of the following?

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Conservatism had a widespread impact beyond the election of Reagan

a similarity between the arguments made by Rossinow and Berman

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Conservatives were willing to increase government spending in order to support Cold War military interventions

the United States foreign policy during Reagan’s administrations

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January 1973

Based on the chart, at what point did the Watergate break-in begin to turn into the scandal that ended Richard Nixon’s presidency?

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excessive regulations hurt the economy

Ronald Reagan encouraged government deregulation because he believed

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He promised to cut taxes and He planned to increase defense spending

Ronald Reagan appealed to voters during his 1980 campaign

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The end of the Cold War

Critchlow’s assertion about the Republican Party

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promoting equality for gay and lesbian Americans

goals of the Reagan administration EXCEPT

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The agreement reached with the Soviet Union to limit nuclear arms

best be used as evidence that Reagan's ideology “was hard to translate into a lasting shift to the right in American politics”

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Conducting a buildup of nuclear and conventional weapons

the Reagan administration implement the “anticommunist ideology”