CLAS 232 Artifacts

Villanovan, or Iron Age, dolium burial with hut urn, Rome

Gold disk fibula

650 BC, Regolini-Galassi tomb, Caere. Granulation technique, made out of gold

Basic Italic Temple Style

Raised Podium, frontal stair, deep front porch, alae(wings), one or three cellae, sine postico (no rear porch)

Sarcophagus of the Married Couple

Late 6th century BCE, terracotta, found in Caere, urn, Etruscan funerary ritual

Servian Wall

386 BC, secured Rome from invading tribes, weaponry was placed at various points, limestone and tuff, opus incertum style

Ostia

Ancient Roman city, port of Rome, founded around 620 BC, central attraction salt from nearby salt flats

Cosa

Ancient port, earliest Roman harbor known, founded around 273 BC, had public square of the city (forum)

Sanctuary of Fortuna Primigenia, Praeneste Reconstruction

Late 2nd century BC, honors goddess Isis and goddess Fortuna, center of worship and pilgrimage

Sanctuary of Hercules Victor

Located in Tiber (Tivoli), dedicated to protecting the god of Tiber. Style of a round Greek table with Greek Pentelic marble. Built between 120 and 82 BC. Further building done during Augustan era

Sarcophagus of L. Cornelius Scipio Barbatus

Sometime around 280 BCE, provides early evidence of political offices in the Roman Republic, tuff burial coffin

So-Called Brutus

Around 3rd century BC, bronze bust, possible bone and glass eyes, early example of Roman portraiture

The Orator

From Cortona, early 1st century BC, Etruscan and made of bronze. Statue highlights a political career with his hair cut and facial expression. Man who is modeled after was an Etruscan senator.

Basilica at Pompeii

130-120 BC, very important public site during ancient times, stucco-like marble blocks

Amphitheater at Pompeii

Constructed around 70 BC, one of oldest surviving roman amphitheaters, associated with Roman military and colonization of the people there, built of stone

Primaporta Augustus, stands contrapposto, made around 20 BC, celebrated victory of Parthians, marble and free standing, military regalia, arm outstretched to as if to address his troops

Doryphoros of Polykleitos, 5th century BC, contrapposto pose, very similar features, marble, nude, idealized form of the body

East Side, left of Ara Pacis Augustae

Around 13 BC, interpreted as goddesses Peace, Tellus, or Venus, marble

Forum Augustum

Inaugurated in 2 BC, 40 years after promised. Ashlar blocks, Carrara marble

Tomb of M. Vergilius Eurysaces

30 BC. Concrete, tufa, and travertine. Rome, outside Porta Maggiore. A baker’s tomb, built by a freedman/former slave. Represented an oven/bread baking profession

The Colosseum

Opened 80 AD, commissioned by emperor Vespasian, massive stone amphitheater, Ancient Roman Architectural style, 3 different styles of columns

Second Style Cubiculum from Boscoreale villa

40-30 BCE, 2nd style aims to deny walls as solid surfaces confining the room space, illusions of imaginary scenes

Mythological Landscape Painting

Villa of Agrippa: Featuring Polyphemus and Galatea (right), and Perseus and Andromeda (left). Painting 3 style??

Trajan’s Column

100-113 AD, Luna marble, commemorates Trajan’s victory in the Dacian war

The Pantheon

Originally built for pagan gods of Rome, place of worship, gabled roof with a colonnade around all sides. Bricks, concrete, granite, built between 25-27 AD

Constantine Capitoline

Marble, Bent knee, part of right arm, right hand, head

Basilica Nova

Civic building, very large, apsidal end was where giant Constantine marble statue was. Constantine refigured the entrance to this building to center his statue, possible multicolored marble floor

Arch of Constantine

Recycles whole bunch of 2nd century art, contrast in high classic and newer art style. Trajanic frieze sections were used in this arch. 315 AD

Forum Augustum Statue Groups

Pompeiian wall painting, Stood on either side of temple of Forum Augustum, Romulus on right carrying stripped spoils of dead enemy king, left side Aeneas 

Tetrarch Statue Group

From Constantinople, set in Basilica of Saint Marco, Venice. Made of porphyry, suggests unity and stability. 3rd century AD

House of Vettii

Belongs to final period of Pompeii’s occupation, provides evidence of the city’s aesthetics before the destruction, one of richest houses in Pompeii known, Pompeiian Fourth Style

House of Vettii artwork

Pentheus ripped apart by Bacchae. Fourth style, 60-79 AD

Severan Family Portrait

AD 199, Geta is erased as part of plot by brother Caracalla. Encaustic on wood. Julia Domna and Septimius Severus featured.

Column of Marcus Aurelius

180-193 AD, marble, honors the emperor for victories in the Marcomannic Wars. Characterized by spiraling frieze

Commodus as Hercules

190 AD, marble. Horti Lamiani, Rome. Representing himself with the virtues of a demi-god. Further expresses his individual status

Forum and Markets of Trajan

Devoted to Trajan’s career, last imperial fora to be constructed in ancient Rome, allowed national trade between merchants within the market. Inaugurated in 113 AD