Biology - Mitosis and Cytokinesis

Cytokinesis

“Cell Splitting” ring of (actin) proteins form around equator, gradually splitting in two

Mitosis

Division of the nucleus

G1 - Growth Phase 1

The cell grows to an adult size, beginning to perform specialized tasks

G0 - Growth Phase 0

Cell does not divide but continues to do tasks

S Phase

Cell copies all DNA (and centrioles)

G2 - Growth Phase 2

Cell stockpiles and gathers ATP, materials, and food

Prophase

Chromosomes condense and microtubules grow from the centrioles, microtubules that collide in the middle push centrioles apart

Prometaphase

Nuclear membrane disappears, microtubules attaching to chromosomes

Metaphase

Chromosomes are pulled or pushed to the middle of the cell by lengthening or shortening microtubules by motor proteins traveling on the microtubules

Anaphase

Centromeres are broken as chromatids are pulled apart by the microtubules (and motor proteins traveling on them), being separately pulled to a centriole

Telophase

Nuclear membrane reappears around chromosomes, microtubules disassembling and leading to cytokinesis

Chromosome structure

Two chromatids held together by a protein

Binary Fission

Prokaryote’s way of cell division, DNA is copied and cell splits in two

Cancer

Mutated cell unable to undergo G0 phase