Geo midterm

The etymology of the word ‘Geography’, the language it derived from? and its meaning?

delivered by the Greeks

Geo=the earth

graphein=to wite

it means writing the earth

locations on the earth where Projections of Global Temperature Increase by 2080 are expected to be greatest

North Pole and Arctic Ocean

The positive and negative feedbacks that will occur in this region, and which of these are thought to be strongest

Positive: When white ice melts, it exposes dark water, which absorbs heat and melts more white ice. When permafrost thaws, frozen plants/animals will decay and release CO2 and CH4.

Negative: Warm temps will make plants grow to absorb CO2

The reasons why the current era has been named as the Anthropocene. 

era dominated by human activity and transformation

The time of the year when the sun's rays hit Earth most directly and focus the greatest solar energy at the Tropic of Cancer

Summer solstice: the day on which the northern hemisphere has maximum tilt toward the sun

The time of the year when the sun’s rays hit Earth most directly and focus the greatest solar energy at the Equator

vernal and autummal euinox: neither hemisphere is tilted toward the sun. equal day and night length everywhere in the world

The causes of the ITCZ, and the directions it moves throughout the year. 

The two countries that produce the most oil currently, and the two countries with the largest reserves of oil

The example of silver as a resource, what happened to demand for it, and why did that change.

The various means by which both producers and consumers can affect the price of a resource (see Lecture 6 slide)

Know the readings regarding the green new deal and what it consists of.

The two different definitions of the word ‘environment’ 

The organization that recently declared that we were officially in the Anthropocene. The epoch that we were in before the Anthropocene. 

Some of the geological indicators that mark the coming of the Anthropocene 

The two different possible future scenarios suggested by the Astronomer Royal of the UK. 

The drivers of the Earth’s climate system 

The broad locations on Earth where you get a tropical wet climate, tropical dry climate, arid climate, and polar climate. 

Causes of Climate Change

• temperature is rising due to the emission of GHG's/human activity

• Agriculture, Industry, Transport, Energy Supply, Forestry, Water and Waste

mitigation options

- Option 1: Removing the trapped heat in the atmosphere
- Option 2: Increasing the reflecting of the atmosphere

why military is interested in climate change ?

Rising demand for military disaster responses as extreme weather creates more global humanitarian crises

• there is a rising demand in military disaster

• Threatens naval coastal bases with rising sea levels

• Believes climate change is the cause of people joining extremist groups

Temperature trends based on distance from equator

what is the rate of sea level rise in Atlantic City,NJ

two NJ counties MOST vulnerable to future sea level rise? How many people will be affected ?

amount of days that Alantic City expierenced flood events since 1970s and present?

Total amount of barrels spiled from the Deepwater Horizon explosion

The country in West Africa with a quarter of global aluminum resources.

The concept of the 'Resource curse'

.The economist who said that, “resources are not…”.

What this implies for the supposedly 'fixed' finite nature of physical resources

The concept of decoupling - the example country in Europe that has achieved a degree of decoupling in the past 25 years

silver example

silver importance explaining why quantities of natural resources are not permanently fixed, and declining

weather

daily occurrence of temperature and rainfall

climate

long term temperature and rainfall patterns for a region. Climate is driven by the relationship between difgferent locations on the earth and the radiation recieved from the sun

difference between weather and climate

distance and magnitude of region