IFS Unit 13 & 14

what bones make up the leg

tibia and fibula

which bone is the weight bearing bone in the leg

tibia through the articulation with the femur and the talus

fibula function

site for muscle attachment with 5-10% weight bearing

fibular articular facet on tibia

articulation site for head of fibula under lateral condyle

shaft of the tibia boarders

anterior

medial

interosseous

soleal line of tibia

located obliquely just distal to the lateral femoral condyle on the posterior tibia

medial malleolus

distal process on medial tibial surface

fibular notch on tibia

smooth lateral surface that articulates with the fibula to form the inferior tibiofibular joint

proximal end of fibula contains

head and neck of fibula

what attached to the fibular head

biceps femoris t and fibular collateral ligament

what is on the distal end of the fibula

lateral malleolus and articular facet for the talus

lateral malleolus function

has grooves serving as a pully for the peroneus longus and brevis muscles

proximal tibiofibular joint

articulation between the head of the fibula and the posterolateral tibial condyle

what type of joint is the proximal tibiofibular joint

plane synovial joint

what reinforces the proximal tibiofibular joint

anterior and posterior capsular ligaments

distal tibiofibular joint type

syndesmosis joint

what does the interosseus membrane in the leg provide

stability

limits downward pull of muscles attached to fibua

when are the interosseous membrane fibers taut

when the tibia is pulled inferiorly from the muscles attaching

what ligaments support the distal tibiofibular joint

interosseous (crural) tibiofibular joint

anterior tibiofibular

posterior tibiofibular

inferior transverse ligament

interosseous tibiofibular ligament

distal extension of the interosseous membrane

strongest ligament of the syndesmosis

posterior tibiofibular ligament

contains an extension called the inferior transverse ligament

ankle joint

articulation of the distal tibiofibular joint and the talus

talocrural joint type

hinge synovial joint

how is the talocrural joint described as

a mortise

what movements occur at the talocrural joint

dorsiflexion

plantarflexion

what make the lateral collateral ligament of the ankle

anterior talofibular

calcaneofibular

posterior talofibular

anterior talofibular l location

from anterior lateral malleolus to anterior talus neck

anterior talofibular l function

resists plantar flexion, inversion, and adduction

posterior talofibular l location

inferior posterior lateral malleolus to the lateral tubercle on posterior talus

poster talofibular l function

stabilizes the talus and limits abduction or external rotation at the end range of dorsiflexion

calcaneofibular ligament location

anterior inferior lateral malleolus to the lateral calcaneus

calcaneofibular l function

resists inversion

what makes up the deltoid ligament of the ankle

anterior tibiotalar

posterior tibiotalar

tibionavicular

tibiocalcaneal

deltoid ligament function

eversion an supports the talocrural joint by limiting talus rotation

what divides the anterior and posterior leg compartments

interosseous membrane

what divides the anterior and lateral compartments of the leg

anterior intermuscular septum and fibula

what divides the lateral and posterior compartments of the leg

posterior intermuscular septum and fibula

what separates the superficial posterior and deep posterior compartments of the leg

transverse intermuscular septum

anterior compartment of leg muscles

tibialis anterior

extensor hallucis longus

extensor digitorum longus

peroneus tertius

anterior compartment of the leg nerves

deep fibular (L4-S3)

tibialis anterior O

anterior lateral tibial condyle

tibialis anterior I

medial cuneiform and base of 5th metatarsal

tibialis anterior action

dorsiflexion and inversion

extensor hallucis longus O

middle anterior fibula and interosseous membrane

extensor hallucis longus I

distal phalanx of great toe

extensor hallucis longus A

extension of great toe and dorsiflexion

extensor digitorum longus O

lateral condyle of tibia and superior medial fibula and interosseous membrane

extensor digitorum longus I

middle and distal phalanx of toes 2-5

Peroneus tertius O

medial fibula

peroneus tertius I

base of the 5th metatarsal

peroneus tertius A

dorsiflexion and eversion

extensor retinaculum function

prevents tendons from bowing

what runs under the extensor retinaculum

the tendons nerves, arteries, and veins from the anterior compartment

lateral compartment of the leg muscles

peroneus longus

peroneus brevis

lateral compartment of the leg nerve

superficial fibular n

peroneus longus O

head and superior aspect of fibula

Peroneus longus I

Base of 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

Peroneus longus A

eversion and plantarflexion

Peroneus brevis O

Inferior lateral fibula

peroneus brevis I

dorsal tuberosity of 5th metatarsal

fibular retinaculum contains

peroneus longus and brevis t

Superficial posterior compartment of the leg muscles

gastrocnemius

soleus

plantaris

deep posterior compartment of the leg muscles

flexor hallucis longus

flexor digitorum longus

tibialis posterior

deep compartment of leg nerve

tibial nerve

Gastrocnemius O

posterior condyles of femur

gastrocnemius I

calcaneal tuberosity

gastrocnemius A

plantar flexion

knee flexion

soleus O

soleal line and posterior aspect of fibular head

soleus I

calcaneal tuberosity

soleus A

plantar flexion

plantaris O

inferior lateral supracondylar line of femur

plantaris I

calcaneal tuberosity

plantaris A

plantar flexion

tibialis posterior O

interosseous membrane

posterior tibia and fibula

tibialis posterior I

tuberosity of navicular

tibialis posterior A

inversion and plantarflexion

flexor digitorum longus O

medial posterior tibia

flexor digitorum longus I

distal phalanx of toes 2-5

flexor digitorum longus A

flexes the toes and plantar flexion

flexor hallucis longus O

inferior posterior fibula and interosseous membrane

flexor hallucis longus I

distal phalanx of great toe

flexor hallucis longus A

flexion of 1st IP and plantar flexion

flexor retinaculum contains

tibialis posterior t

flexor digitorum longus t

posterior tibial a

tibial n

flexor hallucis longus t

deep fibular nerve location

anterior to interosseous membrane between tibialis anterior and extensor digitorum longus

deep fibular nerve function

motor to all anterior compartment muscles

superficial fibular nerve location

lateral compartment of leg

superficial fibular n function

motor to fibularis longus and brevis and becomes cutaneous at the foot

tibial nerve location

enters the deep compartment of leg via tendinous arch of the soleus and is deep to flexor retinaculum to the plantar aspect of foot

tibial n function

motor to all posterior compartment

saphenous n

arises from the femoral n and gives sensation to the anterior medial leg

lateral sural cutaneous n

branch from the common fibular n that supplies sensation to anterior and posterior lateral upper half of leg

superficial fibular n sensation

anterior lateral lower half of leg and anterior ankle

sural n sensation

posterior lower half of leg

l4 dermatome

anterior medial leg

L5 dermatome

anterior lateral leg

S1 dermatome

lateral ankle and posterior lateral leg

S2 dermatome

mideline posterior leg

popliteal artery splits into

anterior and posterior tibial artery

anterior tibial artery supplies

Anterior compartment of the leg

anterior tibial a branches

anterior tibial recurrent

perforating branches to superior lateral compartment

anterior medial and lateral malleolar arteries