Ch. 13-16 Quiz Questions

An organizational psychologist studies such topics as .

worker satisfaction, motivation, and commitment

What area are human factors psychologists researching when they study what steps people take to successfully wash their hands before performing surgery?

task analysis

What is the favored term for human factors psychology in Europe?

Ergonomics

Rosetta is a master electrician. Often, she is the only woman at the construction site. Her male coworkers frequently make sexual comments about her appearance and tape explicit pictures of women up at the worksite. She complains to the site manager, but he tells her to toughen up. What form of sexual harassment does this represent?

Hostile environment

What is the most common reason for invoking a bona fide occupational qualification (BFOQ) as a defense against an employer accused of discrimination?

Sex

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, the average American worker spends approximately hours working each week.

42 to 54

Industrial–organizational psychology is a branch of psychology that studies .

how human behavior and psychology affect work and how they are affected by work

Isolation, a lack of job security, work overload, harassment, and bullying are all examples of factors that can lead to .

job stress

What did the researchers, who identified the Hawthorne effect, see as evidence that employee performance was influenced by something other than the physical work conditions?

Any change in a variable, such as lighting levels, led to an improvement in productivity; this was true even when the change was negative, such as a return to poor lighting.

Design teams for car manufacturers create new vehicle models. What type of team does this exemplify?

Creative

According to some studies, people who have religious commitments are likely to .

live longer than do those who do not have religious beliefs

Burning your toast, having trouble opening an e-mail attachment, breaking a glass, and running late for an appointment are all examples of ___.

Hassles

Which parts of the nervous system are associated with the general adaptation syndrome?

Sympathetic and parasympathetic

Research shows that lowers blood pressure in those observed.

Concentrative meditation

According to research discussed in your textbook, becoming a more optimistic thinker begins with:

monitoring your own thinking.

The coping method that involves changing the way you feel or emotionally react to a stressor is known as _.

Emotion-focused coping

The field of studies the effects of psychological factors such as stress, emotions, thinking, and behavior on the immune system.

Psychoneuroimmunology

_ occurs when people experience unpleasant stressors.

Distress

For someone who likes both movies and concerts, choosing between going to one or the other represents an conflict.

Approach-approach

Research by Teresa Amabile shows that time pressure has impact on one's ability to be creative.

A negative

Which of the following reflect behavioral aspects of test anxiety?

procrastination, avoiding studying, or deficient study skills

According to the behaviorists, disordered behavior is a result of _.

a set of learned responses

Severe depression that comes on suddenly and seems to have no external cause is called .

Major depression

According to the biological perspective, generalized anxiety disorder is _.

linked to an imbalance in several neurotransmitters in the nervous system

Any behavior that does not allow a person to function within or adapt to the stresses and everyday demands of life is considered __.

Maladaptive

Which of the following is an anxiety disorder?

Phobic disorder

The primary purpose of the DSM is to _.

Help psychological professionals diagnose psychological disorders

In the wake of the recent BP oil spill disaster in the Gulf of Mexico, there has been an increase in reported cases of _. Some researchers are finding that virtual reality exposure therapy has helped with the treatment of these problems.

Posttraumatic stress disorder

Gestalt therapy is considered because the therapist leads the client through a number of planned exercises, as well as confronts the client's statements.

Directive

Allen, who has a drug addiction problem, is MOST likely to be successfully treated by .

Behavior therapy

Therapies aimed mainly at understanding one's motives and actions are referred to as ___.

Insight therapies

The use of learning techniques to modify or change undesirable behavior and increase desirable behaviors is called _.

Behavior modification

Modern psychoanalysts differ from traditional Freudian psychoanalysts in that they focus on the as a motivating force of behavior, and they favor their patients.

ego; face-to-face discussions with

A goal of family therapy is to .

improve family communication and interaction

Gary takes antipsychotic drugs to control the symptoms of schizophrenia. After taking the drug for some time, he begins exhibiting repetitive, involuntary jerks and movements of his face, lips, and legs. Gary is showing signs of _.

Tardive dyskinesia

Lulu sees a professional once a month to manage the medication she is taking to help alleviate the symptoms of her anxiety disorder. The type of therapy Lulu is undergoing is called .

Psychopharmacology

An advantage to group therapy is that groups .