IHUM 201 EXAM 1

Great Sphinx, Egyptian

A half man, half lion that depicts pharaohs as god-like; symbol of power

Chefren, Egyptian

Larger than life, mercy and justice, decision making of the pharaoh; falcon god of the morning sun behind his head representing power motif, government control; headdress and beard represent power; stagnant, stable, and powerful

Queen Nefertiti, Amarna

Wife of Akhenaton

The bust, graceful elongated neck, beautiful sculpture

Temple of Ramses II, Egyptian

Massive, intimidating, straight, rigid looking style

Repeated 4 times, servants at his ankles, wife at his knees

Ziggurat at Ur, Mesopotamian

Built 500 years later than the pyramids

Used for worship

Manmade mountain for religious purposes

Stele of Hammurabi, Mesopotamian

1st law code

Cuneiform - 1st system of writing

Big column, stone slab in column depicting Hammurabi receiving law code from one of the gods

A Dying Lioness, Mesopotamian

Descriptive, natural art

Wounded by arrows

Shows the power of the king who has conquered this mighty animal

Throne Room, Minoan

Beautiful decorative elements show luxurious carefree culture, creativity in animal life

Different colors in the painting - more care and attention

Worldly, luxurious entertainment

Snake Goddess, Minoan

Polytheistic; Sculpture of female goddesses, 11 inches tall, represents fertility

Minoan Civilization doesn’t last long

Religious imagery, more females depicted

Funerary Mask, Mycenaean

War, death, funerary mask

Made out of metal from a civilization in the bronze age (remember weaponry is made out of metal

Dipylon Amphora, Geometric Greek

Geometric design is the focal point

Gravemarker for a fallen warrior

People made out of geometric shapes

The Suicide of Ajax, Archaic Greek, by Exekias

Etching away cool details

Crater of Antaeus, Archaic Greek, by Euphronios

A wrestling match taking place

Flesh of the human form

More dimension

Kouros, Archaic

Standing male, nude youth

Ages 18-21 depicting the physical peak

Long, braided and beaded hair (stylized)

The archaic smile - serious

Symmetrical, tall

Calf-bearer, Archaic

Almond eyes

Neutral archaic smile

Beaded hair

Triangle shape with his arms and legs of the calf

Peplos Kore, Archaic

Female youth

Beaded, braided stylized hair

Facing forward

Traces of paint

Almond eyes

Kritios boy, Hellenic

Contrapposto stance (a shifting of weight that causes a bending in the knees, hips and shoulders shift)

S curve

Zeus, Hellenic

Shifting weight in the feet, bending of the knee

Throwing his thunderbolt

Greater flexibility and movement in the bronze

Discobolus, Hellenic Greek, by Myron

A discus thrower with a calm, serene face

The veins in the muscles

Athletic, professional, perfection

Perfect arc to give the illusion of a bow and arrow (impending movement and energy)

Warrior, Hellenic Greek

A bronze statue found off the coast of southeast Italy

Realistic, lifelike

Spear Bearer (Doryphoros), Hellenic Greek, Polykleitos

The spiral position of the figure, downturned gaze

1st canon of proportions - the first system of the perfect proportions coming together

Contrapposto stance

Depicts a warrior

Embodiment of perfection

Hermes with the Infant Dionysus, Hellenic Greek, by Praxiteles

Small head and elongated proportions are typical of 4th century sculpture

More accentuated Contrapposto stance

Aphrodite of Cyrene, Hellenic Greek, by Praxiteles

“Rising up from the sea”

First nude sculpture of women

Contrapposto stance

The Scraper (Apoxyomenos), Hellenic Greek, by Lysippus

2nd canon of proportions

An athlete scraping himself off after competitions

Proportions have changed, smaller head, longer legs

The perfect form

Temple of Hera, Hellenic

Post and lintel design

Typical Greek architecture - columns

Doric and Ionic orders, Hellenic

Doric - male (look at the capital - plain hair), larger foot size - bigger diameter, height is 7 times the diameter more swarthy

Ionic - female (look at the capital & volute - curly, elaborate hairstyle), more slender, height is 10 times the diameter, has a base

Doric - column, capital, architrave (a rectangle slab, part of the lintel), frieze - the rectangle above the architrave (divided into 2 areas in the triglyph (three tiny columns) metope is filled with sculpture, narrow rectangle is the cornice (the jetting out roof line), above the cornice is the pediment (a triangle, standout feature of the Greek temple design)

Ionic - column, added base, capital, volute, architrave, frieze (the frieze does not alternate with triglyph and metope, cornice, pediment