3D Machine Components, Boolean Operations, Architectural Drafting & 3D Lampshade Modeling

Vocabulary flashcards covering 3D modeling fundamentals, CAD commands, Boolean operations, architectural drawing standards, spatial regulations, residential zoning, and rendering workflows based on the lecture review.

Box

A basic rectangular 3D solid.

Cylinder

A basic circular 3D solid.

Sphere

A basic round 3D solid.

Cone

A basic tapered circular 3D solid.

Wedge

A basic wedge-shaped 3D solid.

Torus

A basic ring-shaped 3D solid.

EXTRUDE

Converts a closed 2D profile into a 3D solid or surface by extending it along an axis (pull outward).

REVOLVE

Creates a 3D object by rotating a 2D profile around an axis.

SWEEP

Moves a profile along a specified path to create a 3D form.

LOFT

Creates a 3D form between two or more profiles (form/transition between profiles).

UNION

A Boolean operation that combines two or more 3D solids into one solid (JOIN).

SUBTRACT

A Boolean operation that removes one solid from another (REMOVE).

INTERSECT

A Boolean operation that keeps only the common overlapping volume of two or more solids (COMMON PART).

SLICE

A 3D editing command that divides a 3D solid into separate portions using a cutting plane (CUT).

SHELL

A 3D editing command that creates a hollow object with a specified wall thickness (HOLLOW).

FILLETEDGE

A 3D editing command that rounds sharp edges of a 3D solid.

LINE

A 2D CAD command that creates straight line segments.

RECTANGLE

A 2D CAD command that creates a rectangular closed profile.

TRIM

A 2D CAD command that removes unwanted portions of existing objects.

OFFSET

A 2D CAD command that creates a parallel copy of an existing object at a specified distance.

Quarter-circle swing arc

A feature of a single-swing door symbol that indicates the direction of door opening.

Visible objects (Line Weight)

Represented in architectural drawings using thick continuous lines.

Hidden features (Line Weight)

Represented in architectural drawings using dashed lines.

Dimensions (Line Weight)

Represented in architectural drawings using thin continuous lines.

Elevation Drawing Workflow

The projection sequence from a floor plan: ALIGN floor plan -> PROJECT vertical construction lines -> ESTABLISH horizontal lines -> TRIM unnecessary projection lines.

Natural Ventilation Standard

Requires a minimum window area equal to $\text{Floor Area} \times 10\text{\%}$ (or $\text{Floor Area} \times 0.10$).

Habitable Room Minimum Area

The minimum required floor area for a habitable room, which is $6.00\,\text{m}^2$.

Habitable Room Minimum Dimension

The minimum required least horizontal dimension for a habitable room, which is $2.00\,\text{m}$.

Social Zone

Residential functional zone intended for entertaining, including the living room, dining room, and veranda/porch.

Private Zone

Residential functional zone intended for sleeping and personal activities, including bedrooms and private bathrooms.

Service Zone

Residential functional zone intended for household support, including the kitchen, laundry, utility room, and carport.

Bedroom Solar Orientation

Ideally oriented toward the East to receive morning sunlight while avoiding excessive afternoon heat.

Living Area Solar Orientation

Positioned toward the South/Southwest to maximize natural light and capture prevailing breezes.

Kitchen Work Triangle

The layout consisting of the Sink, Stove, and Refrigerator (S-S-R) with an optimal total perimeter of $4.0\,\text{m} - 7.9\,\text{m}$.

Carport Clearance Width

The recommended minimum clearance width of $3.0\,\text{m}$ to allow comfortable parking and door clearance.

Camera

A 3D tool that establishes the viewpoint, perspective, and controlled composition used for the final render.

3D Rendering Sequence

The workflow sequence for examination preparation: MODEL -> MATERIAL -> LIGHTING -> CAMERA -> RENDER.