Hyoid Bone, Vertebral column

Describe the Hyoid bone

-Not considered a skull bone

-Does not articulate with any bone in the body

Location and function of the Hyoid bone?

Located above the larynx

-attachment for many tongue and neck muscles

What are the bone markings of the hyoid bone?

-Body (attaches to muscles of larynx and tongue)

-Greater cornua (support larynx, tongue and pharynx)

-Lesser Cronua (attach stylohyoid ligaments and support hyoid and larynx)

Describe how the fetal skull differs from the adult skull

-Fetal skull contains two frontal bones and four occipital bones

-Skull is large compared to the body

-Cranium is larger than face

Function of fontanelle

-Cover unfused sutures in the infant skull

-Soft spots contain fibrous connective tissue

View anterior fontanelle

-Occipital Fontanelle

-Sphenoidal Fontanelle

-Mastoid Fontanelles

Anterior Fontanelle Frontal, sagittal, and coronal sutures

Occipital Fontanelle Lambdoid and sagittal sutures

Sphenoidal Fontanelle Squamous and coronal sutures

Mastoid Fontanelle Squamous and lambdoid sutures

Where is the cervical curvature of the spine?

The cervical curvature is located in the neck region of the vertebral column, consisting of the first seven vertebrae (C1-C7) that curve anteriorly.

Where are the thoracic vertebrae of the spine?

The thoracic vertebrae are located in the upper and mid-back region of the vertebral column, consisting of twelve vertebrae (T1-T12) that articulate with the ribs.

Where are the 5 lumbar vertebrae

of the spine located in the lower back region, consisting of five vertebrae (L1-L5) that support most of the body's weight.

Where are the 5 sacral vertebrae located?

The sacral vertebrae are located in the pelvic region, consisting of five fused vertebrae (S1-S5) that form the sacrum and connect the spine to the pelvis.

where are the coccyx fused vertebrae found

in the very lower part of the vertebral column, consisting of four fused vertebrae that form the tailbone.

What are intervertebral discs

Pads of fibrocartilage between vertebrae

What is the nucleus pulposus of intervertebral discs?

Central soft region

What is the annulus fibrosus of intervertebral discs?

Outer ring of collagen fibers