Bio 3.3 ,, Inter + Intra - specific relationships

Mutualism

The relationship between species where there is inter-dependence. They benefit each other. (Inter-Specific)

Predation

Where one species (name example in question) feeds off another so that one benefits and the other is harmed (name example in question). (Inter-Specific)

Parasitism

Where the host species (name example in question) is harmed and the parasite (name example in question) benefits. (Inter-Specific)

Interspecific competition

Where two species compete for the same limited resource. (Inter-Specific)

Allelopathy/ antibiosis

When a plant releases chemicals from its roots that suppress/inhibit the root growth in another plant species (Inter-Specific)

Pair bond

A pair bond is a stable relationship between animals of the opposite sex that ensures cooperative behaviour in mating and the rearing of young. (Intra-Specific)

Monogamy

Staying with one partner, normally for more than one breeding season. (Intra-Specific)

Territory

An actively defended area which provides an organism with most of the resources it requires to survive (food, shelter, breeding site etc) (Intra-Specific)

Home range

An area where the organism can be found but is not defended. (Intra-Specific)

Hierarchy

A hierarchy is a form of animal social structure in which a linear or nearly linear ranking exists, with each animal (hyena) dominant over those below it and submissive to those above it in the hierarchy. This is maintained by ritualised displays and aggression. (Intra-Specific)

Agnostic Behaviour/ritualised behaviours

The complex of aggression, threat, appeasement, and avoidance behaviours that occurs during encounters between members of the same species. (Intra-Specific)

K-strategists

Invest energy in caring for a small number of offspring while they are vulnerable, which helps to ensure success. (Intra-Specific)

Parental care

Can offer teaching, protection and feeding of young, bringing the young safely to the age they can fend for themselves. (Intra-Specific)

r-strategy

There are usually many offspring per brood, which require little parental care and have a high rate of mortality. Offspring are often self- sufficient at an early age. (Intra-Specific)