Chicago School and Social Disorganization Theory

Comprehensive flashcards covering the Chicago School's transition zone theories, the work of Shaw and McKay, and Robert Sampson's contemporary research on social capital and collective efficacy.

Chicago school theorists described Zone $II$ as an __________, or an area existing between more organized regions.

interstitial area

Burgess identified empirical markers or "indexes" of disorganization, including __________, crime, disorder, vice, insanity, and suicide.

disease

Shaw and McKay found that delinquency rates were associated with population density and transition, not __________, ethnicity, or any specific group characteristic.

race

The process of total and continuous turnovers in population within neighborhoods is termed __________.

residential succession

Clifford Shaw's volume titled __________, published in $1930$, established that delinquents were normal in their intelligence and psychology.

Jack-Roller

Criminologist Walter Reckless used the term __________ to refer to dwellings in Zone $II$.

immoral flats

Paul Cressey described transitional neighborhoods as experiencing the "triumph of the __________ in social relations."

impersonal

The __________, launched by Shaw, established $22$ neighborhood centers across the city to foster informal social control.

Chicago Area Project

The Chicago Area Project operated for $25$ years until Shaw's death in __________.

$$1957$$

Sampson describes __________ as the ability of communities to organize collectively for positive purposes and realized common goals.

social capital

__________ refers to the social cohesion among neighbors combined with their willingness to intervene on behalf of the common good.

collective efficacy

Sampson argues that crackdowns on panhandlers and loiterers are unsophisticated solutions that overlook the broader conditions where patterns of __________ persist.

durable inequality