IM IN HA MOOD

**scramble for Africa**

The European countries’ partition of the continent of Africa (1) between themselves in the period 1875–1900 (1).

**Indian Rebellion**

1857–1858 (1) Massive uprising of much of India against British rule (1); also called the Indian Mutiny or the Sepoy Mutiny (1). The rebellion first broke out among Indian troops serving the British (1).

**Congo Free State/Leopold II**

Leopold II was king of Belgium (1) from 1865 to 1909; his rule as private owner of the Congo Free State is the worst abuse of Europe’s second wave of colonization (1), resulting in millions of deaths (1).

**apartheid**

The system that developed in South Africa (1) of strictly limiting the social and political integration of whites and blacks (1).

**colonial tribalism**

A European tendency, especially in African colonies (1), to identify and sometimes invent distinct “tribes” (1) that had often not existed before, reinforcing European idea that African societies were primitive (1).

**mit’a**

Mandatory public service (1) in the society of the Inca Empire (1). A form of coerced labor (1).

**settler colonies**

Colonies in which the colonizing people settle with the purpose of territorial occupation (1) rather than the extraction of labor or resources (1). Examples: Afrikaners in South Africa (1), British in Australia (1).

**Cartaz**

A pass that the Portuguese required (1) of all merchant vessels (1) attempting to trade in the Indian Ocean (1).