Modelling assumptions

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13 Terms

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Particle

Mass concentrated at single point
Rotational forces and air resistance ignored

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Rod (uniform)

Mass symmetrically distributed around centre
No thickness
Rigid

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Lamina

Mass distributed across flat surface

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Light object

Zero mass

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String

Light & inextensible
Acceleration same in two particles connected by taut string

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Smooth surface

No friction between surface and any object on it

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Rough surface

Objects on it experience frictional force if moving/ acted on

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Wire

Rigid
One-dimensional

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Pulley

Smooth and light (no mass)
Tension same on either side

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Bead

Moves freely along wire/ string
Tension same on either side

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Peg

Dimensionless, fixed
Rough/ smooth, as specified

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Air resistance

Usually negligible

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Gravity (acceleration due to gravity - g = 9.8 ms-2

All objects with mass
Uniform, downwards