APGOV UNIT 1

A term used to describe a political system in which the people are said to rule, directly or indirectly 

Participatory Government

A government in which all, or most, of its citizens, participate in groups either holding office or making policy

Pluralist Government

A government in which a select few(normally the wealthy or educated) of the citizen base hold office or make policy 

Elitist Government

A government in which the citizens believe that elected officials will act on their best interests

-Trustee model (gives elected rep some kind of freedom)

-Delegate Model (voting the way that your constituents want you to vote)

Americans who opposed a strong central government and campaigned against the ratification of the Constitution

-Anti Federalist

This foundational document strongly supported the Anti Federalists argument against a strong central government 

Brutus I

A series of essays compromised with the intent to persuade citizens to ratify the Constitution

Federalist papers

The first document created to govern the United States. Often identified as being weak, not able to levy taxes, raise an army, or regulate interstate commerce. 

Articles of Confederation

The first ten amendments in the Constitution, a requirement for many states to ratify the Constitution

Bill of Rights

A provision in the Constitution that allows one branch to regulate the actions of another

Checks and Balances

The clause that states federal law supersefes state law

Supremacy Clause

This compromise betweeen large and small states, over congressional representation, set the framework for the bicameral legislature that exists today in the federal government

Great Compromise (established the house and senate)

The compromise between northern and southern states over slave population counting towards a state’s representation in Congress

3/5 Compromise

This court case set the standard of Judicial review, which gves legal oversight to the Supreme Court for all federal, and eventually state laws

Marbury v. Madison

This clause in the Constitution allows for Congress to expand upon established laws/acts when necessary

Elastic Clause

This court case established federal supremacy in commerce between states

McCulloch v. Maryland

This type of federalism is when states have their laws, federal has their laws and there is no intersection between the two

Dual Federalism (DF) (10th amednment) (ex. Marriage, Alcohol, speed limits)

This type of federalism is when the federal government and state governments overlap with responsibilites to the American people

Cooperative federalism (ex. education)

This is a burden upon states, when the federal government requires action, but provides no funding to help with implementation

Mandate vs. unfunded mandate