super mega frequency (bio final)!

A variable that is kept constant in an experiment.

A control can be best defined as:

Make judgments about ethics, values, and morality.

A limiting factor of science is that it cannot:

All fishes leap out of the water.

A marine biologist observes that mako sharks, sardines, and salmon leap out of the water. An example of induction from these observations is:

An artificially created situation to test a hypothesis.

An experiment can be best described as:

Since tuna are fish, tuna lay eggs.

From the general statement "All fishes lay eggs," which of the following results from deduction:

Variables.

The factors that might affect observations and can be manipulated are called:

Procedures used to learn about our world.

The scientific method can be best described as:

71%

How much of the Earth's surface is covered by the world ocean?

Pacific Ocean.

The world's largest and deepest ocean is:

Around Antarctica

Oceanographers often use the name "Southern Ocean" to refer to the body of water:

Southern hemisphere.

The largest percentage of the world ocean is found in the:

The mass of a substance per unit volume

Density is:

Outer core.

The earth's magnetic field is thought to be caused by movements of liquid metal in which of the earth's layers?

Mantle

The semi-solid layer of the earth found below the crust and outside of the core is called the:

Mid-ocean ridges

New sea floor (oceanic lithosphere) is created at ____________ ?

Erosion and weathering of rocks

Lithogenous sediments are those that come from:

Continental shelf

The most biologically rich part of the ocean is the:

Shelf break

The outer edge of the continental margin is the:

Continental shelf

The shallow part of the continental margin that is closer to land and is a critical marine habitat because light can reach all the way to the bottom in most of it is known as:

Arctic Ocean.

The world's smallest and shallowest ocean is:

Float on the upper mantle

Which of the following is true about lithospheric plates?

Ability to eat prey bigger than themselves

An important feeding adaptation among deep-sea fishes:

Chemosynthetic

Bacteria thriving around deep-sea hydrothermal vents are:

Oxygen

In addition to food, deep-water animals depend on the surface for:

Light-producing organs

Photophores are:

Deposit feeders

The deep-sea benthos consists mostly of:

Hadopelagic

The deepest of ocean waters are classified as:

Hydrogen sulfide

The energy source for the bacteria that thrive around deep-sea hydrothermal vents is:

It filter-feeds on chemosynthetic bacteria

The giant deep-sea hydrothermal vent tubeworm feeds on:

Counterillumination

The presence of bioluminescent organs on the underside of mid-water fishes is involved in:

Abyssopelagic

The zone immediately below the bathypelagic zone is called the:

Large circular systems of surface currents.

Gyres are:

Lower oxygen content

How does the oxygen content of the ocean compare to the air that humans breathe?

Hydrogen and oxygen atoms of adjacent molecules.

Hydrogen bonds in water molecules are formed between:

10 meters of depth.

Pressure increases with depth by adding one atmosphere of pressure for every:

Wind

The Eckman spiral occurs as a result of:

Temperature.

The factor that most affects wind patterns in the atmosphere of the earth:

Crest

The highest part or top of a wave is called the:

Between the warm and cold layers

The main thermocline is located at the zone:

The relative concentration of ions does not change.

The rule of constant proportions expresses that:

Parts per thousand.

The salinity of water is generally expressed in:

How much light penetrates through the water column.

The secchi disk is used to indirectly estimate:

Slower, less

When water cools, but does not freeze, the molecules move ______________ and take up ______________ space.

Sodium and chloride

Which ions comprise about 85% of the solutes in seawater?

Maximum density of water

Which of the following is the state of water at a temperature of 4°C ?

It is less dense as a solid than a liquid

Which of the following properties is unique to water due to it's molecular structure?

Community

A group of different species together on a rocky beach is an example of a(an):

Fertilization

All of the following are examples of asexual reproduction except:

Fuse during fertilization to form a zygote

Male gametes (sperm) and female gametes (eggs):

Osmoconformers

Marine organisms whose internal salt concentration varies with that of their environment are examples of:

That retain some of its metabolic heat

The term "endotherms" is applied to those organisms:

The community or communities and the physical environment

The term ecosystem best encompasses which one of the following:

Tend to lose water by osmosis since their internal salt concentration is lower than that of seawater

Typical marine fishes:

Prokaryotes-sponges

Which of the following are not correctly paired?

Kingdom, phylum, family, genus, species

Which of the following shows the correct order of taxonomic levels?

Bacteria are eukaryotic

Which of the following statements regarding bacteria is NOT true?

Mass reproduction of algal cells

An algal bloom is defined as:

Prokaryotic

Archaea are classified as being:

Chemosynthetic

Bacteria that make their own organic compounds by obtaining energy from chemical compounds and not directly from light are known as:

Dinoflagellates

Bioluminescence is observed in:

Photosynthetic

Cyanobacteria are different from most other bacterial-type cells because they are _______?

Zooxanthellae

Dinoflagellates that live in association with reef-building corals and other animals are known as:

Inside primary producers

Endophytes are primary producers that live:

Diatoms

The type of algae that have a shell made of silica (SiO2) are called?

All of the above

Prokaryotes differ from eukaryotes in regards to:

Dinoflagellates

Red tides are caused mostly by:

Archaea

Which of the following are considered to be extremophiles due to the habitats they exist in?

Multicellular

Which of the following does not apply to protozoans?

Carry out photosynthesis

Which of the following is not true of decay bacteria?

Cyanobacteria

Which of the following would be classified as autotrophic?

The ocean invaded lowlands and river mouths

Coastal plain estuaries were formed when:

Can survive changes in salinity

Euryhaline species:

Depth increases

In an estuary, salinity of the water increases as:

Infauna

Large organisms of the mudflats are more likely to be:

Flowering plants

Mangroves belong to one of the following groups:

Allowing the salinity of their body fluids to vary with that of the surrounding water

Osmoconformers survive changes in salinity by:

Oxygen levels increase

The amount of hydrogen sulfide in the sediment increases with all the following changes except one:

Breeding grounds for many marine species

The greatest importance of estuaries to the entire world oceanic ecosystem is as:

Detritus

The infauna of mud flats feeds mostly on:

Mud

The most common type of substrate in estuaries:

Moves inland as tide moves in

The salt wedge in the water column of an estuary:

Height of the tide

The zonation of plants in salt marshes is determined mostly by:

Kingdom Plantae

Algae are included among the Protista. Some biologists, however, place the green algae in the:

photosynthetic

Algae and many bacteria are primary producers. In contrast to the bacteria that are primary producers all types of algae are:

Accumulate calcium carbonate

Coralline red algae receive this name due to their ability to:

Have no true roots, leaves, or stems

Macroalgae (seaweed) can be best differentiated from true plants because macroalgae (seaweed):

Are mostly multicellular

Macroalgae can be best differentiated from the phytoplankton because the marcoalgae:

Are well protected from strong wave action

Mangroves live in coastal waters that:

Reproduce by producing seeds

Marine flowering plants can be best differentiated from macroalgae (seaweed) by the fact that the marine flowering plants:

Kelps

Marine vascular flowering plants include all of the following except:

Halophytes

Salt-tolerant plants such as salt-marsh plants are called:

Red algae

The group of macroalgae (seaweed) with the largest number of species is the:

Brown algae

The most complex and largest of all the macroalgae (seaweed) is included among one of these groups:

Holdfast

The root-like, anchoring structure of many macroalgae (seaweed) is called the:

Atlantic Ocean

The Sargasso Sea is found in the:

Mollusc

A nudibranch is a type of:

An Annelid

A polychaete worm is:

Crab

A zoea would be a larval form of which of these organisms?

Reef coral

An example of an anthozoan is:

Some are autotrophs

Animals, all members of the kingdom Animalia, are characterized by all of the following except one: