Fisheries Lecture 10

Flashcards reviewing key vocabulary and concepts from a lecture on fisheries management, covering topics such as abstract writing, presentation skills, stock assessments, reference points, harvest strategies, and the U.S. fisheries management system.

Abstract

A concise summary of research, typically around 250 words, which describes the study's background, aims, approach, results, and conclusions. It should be self-contained, understandable to a wide audience, and avoid citations or unnecessary jargon.

Annotated Bibliography

A list of references with annotations (one or two sentences) detailing the significance or usefulness of each source to the author's research.

ICES Journal of Marine Science

A journal known for a specific formatting style (Oxford SCIMED) that is to be followed for references in the class assignments.

Presentation

A short oral review (5 minutes + questions) of a specific marine or estuarine fishery, including species biology, fishery history, products/markets, management history, and stock status.

Overcapitalization

A long-term problem in a fishery where the fishing fleet's size or harvesting ability exceeds what is necessary for optimum yield, often occurring in open-access fisheries.

TAC (Total Allowable Catch)

A management approach often used to manage overcapitalized fisheries, which can lead to a 'race for the fish' and 'derby' fisheries (very limited fishing time).

Limited Access Programs

Methods to address overcapitalization and excessive fishing effort, including control dates, fishing history, and individual dependence on the fishery.

Catch Shares

Allocations based on history in the fishery, aimed at preventing market saturation, improving fishing conditions, and promoting full-time jobs, though they may still lead to 'derby' fisheries.

Management Reference Points

Conventional values derived from technical analysis, representing a state of the fishery that is useful for management. These are based on fishing mortality rates (F) or biomass levels (B).

Harvest Control Rules

Predetermined rules dictating management actions to be implemented when a stock falls below a biological reference point (target or threshold).

Management Strategy Evaluation (MSE)

A process to test the performance of management procedures to meet goals, involving fishery managers, scientists, and stakeholders.

Target Reference Point (TRP)

Indicates a desirable state of a fishery, aiming for ideal conditions of both economic/social and biological states.

Limit Reference Point (LRP)

Indicates an undesirable state of a fishery that management actions should avoid; biologically based.

ASMFC (Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission)

An interstate commission that manages stocks primarily occurring in inshore waters of several states.

Fishery Management Councils (FMCs)

Regional bodies responsible for developing Fishery Management Plans (FMPs) for species primarily occurring in non-state coastal waters.

Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act

US federal law that implemented a US fishery conservation zone (EEZ) and established the regional Fishery Management Councils (FMCs).

Optimum Yield (OY)

The greatest overall benefit to the Nation with respect to food, recreation, and marine ecosystems, based on MSY and reduced by social, economic, or ecological factors.

Acceptable Biological Catch (ABC)

A fishing level recommendation where the Annual Catch Limit (ACL) may not exceed, accounting for scientific uncertainty.

Annual Catch Limit (ACL)

An annual limit that should account for management uncertainty.

National Standards

A set of guidelines included in the 1990 Magnuson Act Amendments, including achieving optimum yield and preventing overfishing.

Bycatch

Fish caught that are not the target species. Management plans must minimize bycatch and, where unavoidable, minimize bycatch mortality.

Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ)

The area of coastal water and seabed within a certain distance of a country's coastline, to which the country claims exclusive rights for fishing, drilling, and other economic activities.

RFMOs (Regional Fishery Management Organizations)

International organizations involved in the conservation and management of fish stocks.

MSY

Maximum Sustainable Yield; largest amount of resource that can be taken continuously without causing a population decline

BMSY

Biomass at Maximum Sustainable Yield

FMSY

Fishing mortality rate that leads to biomass at Maximum Sustainable Yield

Trigger or Threshold Reference Point

set between TRP and LRP to
prompt additional management response to help ensure fishery remains close to target and/or avoids breaching limit