Studied by 27 people
Deductive
General Principals to make Specific Predictions
Inductive
Specific Observations to develop general conclusions
What are the 5 steps of the scientific method?
Observation
form a hypothesis
Make a Prediction
Experimentation
Conclusion
Scientific Theory
Something that has been tested so many times that has become a general consensus amongst scientists (ex: gravity)
7 Characteristics of living things
Cellular organization
Ordered complexity
Sensitivity
growth, development, and reproduction
Energy Utilization
Homeostasis
Evolutionary adaptation
Structure determines...
function
What are the 4 cellular levels of Hierarchical organization
Atoms Molecules Organelles Cells (Cells like to nap in Amocs)
What are the 4 organismal levels of Hierarchical organization
Tissue Organ Organ system Organism (Tripple O)
What are the 5 population levels of Hierarchical organization
Population Species Community Ecosystem Biosphere
The ability to respond to a stimulus is an example of —
Sensetivity
A group of similar individuals that can interbreed would be considered a(n) -
Species
All the organisms and the physical environments on earth constitute the -
Biosphere
All life constantly requires -
Energy
Gene
A segment of information in DNA
Genome
Entire set of DNA instructions
dependent variable
The factor that is measured at the end; the variable that may change in response to manipulations of the independent variable.
independent variable
The experimental factor that is manipulated; the variable whose effect is being studied.
All organisms today descended from a simple creature -
3.5 Billion Years Ago
When scientists talk about a scientific theory, they are talking about something that
has been tested frequently and is supported by a lot of evidence
A control experiment has all of the conditions identical to the primary experiment except that it
does not have the variable being tested.
The isotope 14C has
6 electrons and 8 neutrons
Name and briefly explain the 3 types of chemical bonds
Ionic bonds- The strongest type of bond that is between elements on opposite sides of the table of elements covalent bonds- A bond between two elements on the same side of the periodic table. Not as strong as Ionic bonds, but stronger than Hydrogen bonds Hydrogen bonds- the weakest kind of bond that can be broken. DNA is made of these kinds of bonds as well as water
What happens when an electron moves from a higher energy level orbital to a lower energy level orbital?
Energy is released
A chlorine atom has 7 electrons in the outermost shell. Potassium, with 1 electron in the outermost shell, will react with how many chlorine atoms?
1
Hydrogen bonding in water causes water to
be less dense as ice than as liquid water
The atomic weight of an atom
equals the number of protons plus the number of neutrons
A buffer exerts its effects because
It absorbs or releases H+ ions reversibly to resist a pH change within its buffering range.
Within a capillary tube, which forces cause the water to rise up within the tube's lumen (internal open space)?
Adhesion to the walls of the tube cause the top surface to advance upward, and cohesion between the individual water molecules pull along the molecules beneath.
Atomic number=
number of protons
cations
"paw"setley charged- have more protons than electrons
anions
have more electrons than protons and are negatively charged
Oxidation
loss of valence electrons (OIL)
Reduction
Gain of electrons (RIG)
acid
pH above 7 (releases H+1)
base
pH below 7 (accepts H+1)
buffer
accepts or releases H+1 in order to keep pH constant
What polynucleotides do RNA and DNA have?
They both have Guanine, adenine, and cytosine but only RNA has Uracil and only DNA has Thymine
what are amino acids joined by?
dehydration synthesis
What is the primary structure of a protein?
sequence of amino acids
What is the secondary structure of a protein?
helix (coiled spiral) or a sheet (planar structure)
What is the tertiary structure of a protein?
folding of one polypeptide chain
What is the quaternary structure of a protein?
two or more polypeptide chains joined
Phospholipids have
a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails
Saturated
contains no double bonds
unsaturated
contains a C=C double bond, causes a kink in the chain
Polysaturated
more than one double bond
lipids are
hydrophobic
