Heart and organs flashcards

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Anatomy of the Heart

The structure of the heart, including its chambers, valves, arteries, and veins.

Myocardium

The middle layer of the heart muscle, responsible for the heart's contractions.

Pericardium

The double-walled membranous sac that surrounds the heart.

Atria

The two upper chambers of the heart that receive blood from the body and lungs.

Ventricles

The two lower chambers of the heart that pump blood out to the body and lungs.

Coronary Circulation

The circulation that supplies blood to the heart muscle itself.

Epicardium

The external layer of the heart surrounding the myocardium.

Endocardium

The innermost layer of the heart, lining the chambers.

Valves

Structures in the heart that prevent the backflow of blood.

Arteries

Blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.

Veins

Blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart.

SA node

The sinoatrial node, the natural pacemaker of the heart.

AV node

The atrioventricular node, which signals the ventricles to contract after the atria.

Capillaries

The smallest blood vessels where oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange occurs.

Bicuspid Valve

Also known as the mitral valve; it separates the left atrium and left ventricle.

Tricuspid Valve

The valve between the right atrium and right ventricle.

Pulmonary Valve

The valve that controls blood flow from the right ventricle to the pulmonary arteries.

Aortic Valve

The valve that allows blood to leave the left ventricle and enter the aorta.

Circulatory System

The system that moves blood throughout the body, consisting of the heart, blood vessels, and blood.

Deoxygenated Blood

Blood that is low in oxygen and returning to the heart from the body.

Oxygenated Blood

Blood that has picked up oxygen from the lungs and is going to the body.

Pumping Action

The contraction of the heart muscle that moves blood through the heart and circulation.