Islam

what is islam

the religion of the Muslims, a monotheistic faith regarded as revealed through Muhammad as the Prophet of Allah.

Imam

a leader of prayer in a mosque, imam is most commonly used as the title of a prayer leader of a mosque

similarities between christianity, judaism, and islam

afterlife, one god, hospitality, peace, pilgrimage

Umayyads

The first dynasty that ruled the Muslim Empire in Damascus from 661 to 750 and later established a kingdom in Al-Andalus. It was established after the death of Muhammad.

what are key aspects of islam art architecture

symmetry, patterns, geometric, pillars, pointed arches

How has the golden Age of Islam advanced other civilizations?.

The Islam golden age was more advanced then other civilizations because.The Muslims conquered more land,established trade routes with other civilizations,and spread their religion to parts of Asia,Africa,and Europe.They were also more advanced because of their breakthroughs with astronomy and mathematics.

How does spirituality impact a society?

it encourages people to have better relationships with themselves, others and the unknown

Bedouins

small groups of nomadic people in Arabia

Five Pillars of islam

Shahada (the creed) - declaration of faith
Salat (prayer) - pray 5 times a day
Sawm (fasting) - do not eat, drink or smoke during daylight
Hajj (pilgrimage) - all muslims must try to go to the mosque at least once
Zakat (almsgiving) - wealthy give to the poor

calligraphy

an art form with different shapes instead of people.
means beautiful writing
Represents sacred words of Allah
Considered highest art form in the Islamic world

Allah

Arabic word for God. Abraham is the same god in Christianity, Judaism, and Islam.

Hajj

A pilgrimage to Mecca, performed as a duty at least once by Muslims

Muezzin

a man who calls Muslims to prayer from the minaret of a mosque

Theocracy

a system of government in which priests rule in the name of God or a god.

Minbar

You would go up there to worship and feel closer to go. The minibar is where the Imam stands while leading Friday prayer. It faces Ka'aba.

Mihrab

Imam stands there to lead the prayers. It symbolizes cave of the world.

Dome

They have circular ceilings that are formed by a series of vaults.

Abraham

Founder of Judaism who, according to the Bible, led his family from Ur to Canaan in obedience to God's command. There is no actuall picture of him, and no features that they talk about either.

Ka'aba

Most sacred temple of Islam, located in Mecca, said to have been built by Abraham and rededicated to God by Muhammad. Made of marble and other materials.

Sunni and Shi'a

-The two main branches within Islam
-85-90% Sunni; 10-15% Shia
-Agree with most of their beliefs, but a major split in beliefs around who should be the leader.
-Sunni = expert on Muhammad's life can lead
-Shia = Muhammad's relatives can lead

What are the main differences between Sunni and Shia?

Sunni make up 85-90% of the muslim population and believe that the ruler does not need to be a Muhammad descendant and needs to be well educated
Shia make up 10-15% of the Muslim population and believe that the ruler has to be a blood descendant of Muhammad.

Prayer Hall

They would gather here to pray and it is where they would have church. The prayer hall faces Mecca. They would remove the shades so people could pray how they would like.

Jerusalem

A city in the Holy Land, regarded as sacred by Christians, Muslims, and Jews.

What is the common ground between religions? How does spirituality impact a society?

People begin to feel a closer connection with gods. They also begin to feel a sense of community with other followers of the religion. Spirituality is able to help give a group of people something they can connect with each other and get along.

How has art/architecture of Islam advanced other civilizations

influenced the production of a wide range of works of art including ceramics, metalwork, photography

islam

A religion based on the teachings of the prophet Mohammed which stresses belief in one god (Allah), Paradise and Hell, and a body of law written in the Quran. Followers are called Muslims.

Mecca

A city in Saudi Arabia, the city where Muhammad was born around 570 AD. All Muslim mosques across the globe point towards this city.

Sakks

Letters of credit that could be exchanged for cash in Muslim banks.

Muhammad

the Arab prophet who founded Islam (570-632) , broke all other gods in mecca because Allah is the only god and others only supported the others for how they looked, you will never see what he looks like so others cannot worship him

What is Islam? What is similar/different to Christianity or Judaism?

Islam is a major world religion, like Christianity and Judaism, rooted in the belief in one God. They all share a common heritage through Abraham and value scripture and prophecy. However, Islam follows the Quran, Christianity the Bible, and Judaism the Torah.

Sahn (courtyard)

a place where Muslims can socialize before or after prayer in a mosque while not disturbing those who pray

Minaret

a tall slender tower, typically part of a mosque, with a balcony from which a muezzin calls Muslims to prayer through an adhan or a song.

How did the spread of Islam affect people's lives?

The spread of Islam caused people who weren't part of Islam to pay a tax. It also encouraged trade as well as increased personal freedom.

Monothesism

The belief in one god; Christianity, Islam, and Judaism.

house of wisdom

a center of learning established in Baghdad in the 800s

mosque

A Muslim place of worship where Muslims go to pray

Medina

City in western Arabia to which the Prophet Muhammad and his followers emigrated in 622 to escape persecution in Mecca. Medina is where Muhammad established the Muslim community

how has the golden age of Islam advanced other civilizations?

Islam impacted other civilizations with their discoveries including, translating Greek texts, advancing fields in algebra and science, and making many discoveries with medicine.

Jihad

A holy struggle or striving by a Muslim for a moral or spiritual or political goal

Dome of the Rock

Muslim shrine containing the rock from which Muhammad is believed to have risen to heaven. Jews believe Abraham prepared to sacrifice his son Isaac on the rock. Is in Jerusalem

Shahada/Creed

Profession of faith to Allah

Salat/Prayer

Pray five times a day

Shawm/Fasting

Fast during Ramadan from dawn until dusk.

Zakat/Almsgiving

Giving a percentage of wealth to the poor.