2nd Semester

What was the significance of the Civil War in American history?

It marked the end of the 'Old Republic' and established a modern USA under the leadership of Abraham Lincoln and the Republicans.

Who famously said, 'Those who cannot remember the past are condemned to repeat it'?

George Santayana, a philosopher, in 1905.

Who was Andrew Johnson and what was his role post-Civil War?

Andrew Johnson became the 17th president after Lincoln’s assassination, was a racist southerner, and was the first president to be impeached.

What do the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments to the US Constitution accomplish?

They abolished slavery, granted equal protection under the law, and established Black male citizenship.

What does the term 'Redemption' refer to in American history?

The period from 1877-1901 marked by the reestablishment of white supremacy in the South.

What landmark case ruled that segregation was constitutional?

Plessy v. Ferguson in 1896.

What was the 'Lost Cause' myth?

A revisionist narrative that portrayed the Confederacy's fight in the Civil War as noble and just.

What was the focus of Booker T. Washington's philosophy regarding Black Americans?

He advocated for accommodation with segregation and emphasized vocational education.

What was W.E.B. Du Bois's view on Black leadership and rights?

He believed in immediate action for equality and that the talented tenth of Black Americans should lead the fight against segregation.

What economic shift occurred during the late 19th century in the United States?

The rise of Corporation Capitalism, leading to enormous wealth and personal fortunes, but also incredible poverty.

What was the Homestead Act?

A law that provided free government land in the West, encouraging westward expansion.

How did the end of the Civil War affect governmental power in the US?

It led to an increase in federal government power, particularly through the 13th, 14th, and 15th Amendments.

What characterized the Gilded Age (1870-1910) in America?

A period marked by rapid economic growth and industrialization, alongside significant wealth inequality.

What was the impact of the Industrial Revolution on wealth in American society?

It shifted wealth from land ownership to factory and corporate ownership, creating a gap between the wealthy and the poor.

What does 'Muscular Christianity' refer to?

A movement that linked physical strength and sports to Christian values, promoting a strong male ideal in reaction to the 'feminization' of religion.

What was the main argument from fear regarding the importance of learning history?

The belief that not learning history could lead to negative outcomes or repeating past mistakes.

Who were the 'Redeemers' during the period of Redemption?

Old Confederates who sought to restore white supremacy and Democratic power in the South.

What was the Federal Government’s approach to education during the Reconstruction era?

The establishment of Land Grant Colleges aimed to increase access to higher education for Americans.

What was the significance of the quote 'Every regulation about workplace history is written in blood'?

It emphasizes the harsh conditions faced by workers and the historical struggles for labor rights and protections.

What did the 1920 Prohibition law aim to achieve?

The ban on alcohol in the US, reflecting a movement against drinking and its associated social problems.

How did American perceptions of God shift from the 1600s to the 1800s?

From a severe Puritan God to a more comforting and merciful figure reflecting societal changes.

What role did women play in the workforce during the late 19th and early 20th centuries?

Women predominantly worked as domestic servants, nurses, teachers, and in low-paying jobs across various sectors.

Who was Charles Darwin and why is he significant to American religion?

He proposed the theory of evolution through natural selection, which led to conflicts between science and Christian beliefs in America.