Nature of Science

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Last updated 8:11 PM on 8/31/23
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35 Terms

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Scientific Method
Involves a series of steps used for natural occurrence
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Observation
Uses all 5 senses
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Qualitative
Observations using words and descriptions
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Quantitative
Observation using numbers
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Inference
A conclusion based off of previous knowledge
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Hypothesis
A tentative explanation that needs further investigation
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Null Hypothesis
If…IV…Then there is no significant difference between the DV
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Alternative Hypothesis
If…Then Always pick a winner
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Independent Variable
The variable that you change
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Dependent Variable
The variable that you measure
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Experimental Group
Groups in the experiment that are unknown
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Constant
The variable that stays the same
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Controlled Variable
The standard comparison of the variables
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Positive Control
A type of control that is known to cause a significant change
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Negative Control
A type of control that has no effect usually zero but sometimes original
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Variance
A measure of how spread out the data is from the mean
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Standard Deviation
The equation that gives you the variance (Error Bars)
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Standard Error of Mean
Used to write a conclusion!
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Natural Occurrence
Existing in nature without any artificial aid
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Statistical Significance
A result from a test is going to result from a specific cause
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Placebo
A negative control. A mind trick
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Verification/Trails
A measure of the probability of the null hypothesis being true
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Correlation
A connection between 2 things. Negative, Positive, or none.
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Key/Legend
Like a roadmap for your graph
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Mean/Average
The sum of all the data divided by the amount of data.
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Axis Break
What you use when your numbers are starting bigger than your increment your counting by on either axis
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Equidistant
The distance is equal
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Trend line/Line of Best Fit
The line used for scatter plots only
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Line Graph
Continuous data. Ex. Time
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Bar Graph
Categorical Data
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Scatter Plot
Correlation/Relationship
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Dependent
On the Y axis
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Independent
On the X axis
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Null
Is this Null or Alternative?

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If we change the amount of sunlight then there is no significant difference between the height of the flower
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Alternative
Is this Null or Alternative?

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If we add more sunlight to the plant then it will grow higher