Nutrients and Factors in Bone Metabolism

Bone Density

Changes with age; formation vs. breakdown balance.

Vitamin D

Essential for bone metabolism and calcium absorption.

Rickets

Childhood deficiency causing bowed legs and weakness.

Osteomalacia

Adult condition of soft bones due to deficiency.

Calcium Functions

Supports bone structure, blood clotting, and vascular control.

Osteoporosis

Condition of weakened bones, increased fracture risk.

Risk Factors for Osteoporosis

Age, gender, race, smoking, inactivity, malnourishment.

Hormone Replacement Therapy

Estrogen therapy to improve bone density in women.

Calcium Intake

Adequate levels may help control blood pressure.

Vitamin D Production

Skin synthesizes vitamin D from sun exposure.

Prevention of Osteoporosis

High calcium and vitamin D intake, exercise, avoid smoking.