Topic 1. Cells and Cellular Process

THE BASIC STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL UNIT OF EVERY ORGANISM IS ONE OF THE TWO TYPES OF CELLS WHICH ARE?

PROKARYOTIC AND EUKARYOTIC CELLS

ONLY ORGANISMS OF THE DOMAINS ____ CONSIST OF PROKARYOTIC CELLS

BACTERIA AND ARCHAEA

ORGANISMS OF THE DOMAINS ____ CONSIST OF EUKARYOTIC CELLS

PROTISTS, FUNGI, ANIMALS, PLANTS

BASIC FEATURES OF ALL CELLS ARE?

PLASMA MEMBRANE, CYTOSOL, CHROMOSOMES, RIBOSOMES

THESE CELLS ARE CHARACTERIZED BY HAVING NO NUCLEUS, DNA IN AN UNBOUND REGION CALLED THE NUCLEOID, NO MEMBRANE BOUND ORGANELLES, AND CYTOPLASM BOUND BY THE PLASMA MEMBRANE

PROKARYOTIC CELLS

WHERE CAN THE DNA BE FOUND IN PROKARYOTIC CELLS?

NUCLEOID

THESE CELLS ARE CHARACTERIZED BY HAVING A DNA IN A NUCLEUS THAT IS BOUNDED BY A MEMBRANOUS NUCLEAR ENVELOPE, MEMBRANE BOUND ORGANELLES, CYTOPLASM IN THE REGION BETWEEN THE PLASMA MEMBRANE AND NUCLEUS

EUKARYOTIC CELLS

WHICH IS GENERALLY A LARGER CELL?

A. PROKARYOTIC CELLS

B. EUKARYOTIC CELLS

B

THIS IS A SELECTIVE BARRIER THAT ALLOWS SUFFICIENT PASSAGE OF OXYGEN, NUTRIENTS, AND WASTE TO SERVICE THE VOLUME OF EVERY CELL

PLASMA MEMBRANE

THE GENERAL STRUCTURE OF A BIOLOGICAL MEMBRANE IS A?

DOUBLE LAYER OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS

THE ___ CONTAINS MOST OF THE DNA IN A EUKARYOTIC CELL

NUCLEUS

____ USE THE INFORMATION FROM THE DNA TO MAKE PROTEINS

RIBOSOMES

THIS CONTAINS MOST OF THE CELL’S GENES AND IS USUALLY THE MOST CONSPICUOUS ORGANELLE

NUCLEUS

THIS ENCLOSES THE NUCLEUS, SEPARATING IT FROM THE CYTOPLASM

NUCLEAR ENVELOPE

THIS IS A DOUBLE MEMBRANE AND EACH MEMBRANE CONSISTS OF A LIPID BILAYER

NUCLEAR MEMBRANE

THEY REGULATE THE ENTRY AND EXIT OF MOLECULES FROM THE NUCLEUS

PORES

IN THE NUCLEUS, DNA AND PROTEINS FORM GENETIC MATERIALS CALLED?

CHROMATIN

CHROMATIN CONDENSES TO FORM DISCRETE ___

CHROMOSOMES

THIS IS LOCATED WITHIN THE NUCLEUS AND IS THE SITE OF RIBOSOMAL RNA (RRNA) SYNTHESIS

NUCLEOLUS

THESE ARE PARTICLES MADE OF RIBOSOMAL RNA AND PROTEIN

RIBOSOMES

THESE CARRY OUT PROTEIN SYNTHESIS

RIBOSOMES

RIBOSOMES CARRY OUT PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN TWO LOCATIONS WHICH ARE IN?

CYTOSOL AND OUTSIDE OF THE ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM OR THE NUCLEAR ENVELOPE

WHAT TYPE OF RIBOSOMES CARRY OUT PROTEIN SYNTHESIS IN THE CYTOSOL?

FREE RIBOSOMES

WHAT TYPE OF RIBOSOMES CARRY OUT PROTEIN SYNTHESIS OUTSIDE THE ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM OR THE NUCLEAR ENVELOPE?

BOUND RIBOSOMES

THIS ACCOUNTS FOR MORE THAN HALF OF THE TOTAL MEMBRANE IN MANY EUKARYOTIC CELLS

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

THE ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM IS CONTINUOUS WITH THE?

NUCLEAR ENVELOPE

THIS ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM LACKS RIBOSOMES

SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

THIS ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM HAS RIBOSOMES STUDDING ITS SURFACE

ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

THE FUNCTION OF THIS ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM IS TO SYNTHESIZE LIPIDS AND METABOLIZE CARBOHYDRATES

SMOOTH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

THE FUNCTION OF THIS ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM IS THAT IT HAS BOUND RIBOSOMES, WHICH SECRETES GLYCOPROTEINS AND DISTRIBUTES TRANSPORT VESICLES, PROTEINS SURROUNDED BY MEMBRANES

ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

THESE ARE PROTEINS COVALENTLY BONDED TO CARBOHYDRATES

GLYCOPROTEINS

THIS CONSISTS OF FLATTENED MEMBRANOUS SACS CALLED CISTERNAE

GOLGI APPARATUS

GOLGI APPARATUS CONSISTS OF FLATTENED MEMBRANOUS SACS CALLED?

CISTERNAE

THE FUNCTION OF THIS ORGANELLE IS THAT IT MODIFIES PRODUCTS OF THE ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM AND SORTS PACKAGES MATERIALS INTO TRANSPORT VESICLES

GOLGI APPARATUS